Accreditation refers to the process by which an educational institution, program or professional organization is recognized and certified as meeting certain standards. It usually involves a review and evaluation of the quality, integrity and effectiveness of the institution or program in question, conducted by an independent accrediting agency. Accreditation can be granted for a specific period of time, after which it must be renewed through another evaluation process. The purpose of accreditation is to ensure that the educational experience provided meets acceptable levels of quality and relevance, and that graduates or members are equipped with the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities to perform their roles effectively.