Medicine residency refers to a period of advanced training that a physician completes after finishing medical school. During this time, doctors receive specialized education and hands-on experience in their chosen field of medicine. The duration of residency programs can vary from three years for general practice to seven or more years for highly specialized fields such as neurosurgery or cardiothoracic surgery. Residents work under the supervision of experienced physicians, and upon completion of their training, they are eligible to take a board certification exam in their respective field. Medicine residency is an essential step towards becoming a specialist in medicine and gaining independence as a practicing doctor.