Aji is a term used to describe a variety of chili peppers that are commonly used in Peruvian and Bolivian cuisine. The word “aji” means “chili” or “pepper” in Quechua, an indigenous language spoken by the Incas and still widely used today throughout South America. Aji peppers come in many different colors, shapes, and levels of spiciness, with some being sweet while others are quite hot. They are often used to add flavor and heat to dishes such as ceviche, lomo saltado, and causa.