Aspirin is a medication that is commonly used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation and lower fever. It is also known as acetylsalicylic acid and works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are hormone-like substances responsible for causing pain, inflammation and fever. Aspirin was first discovered in 1897 by Felix Hoffmann, a chemist working at the German pharmaceutical company Bayer. It is available over the counter and can be used to treat various conditions such as headaches, muscle aches, colds, flu, and other mild pain. However, it should not be taken in large amounts or by certain individuals who are allergic to aspirin or have a history of stomach ulcers.