An autoimmune attack refers to a situation where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells and tissues. This can occur when there is an error in the recognition of self, leading the immune system to perceive healthy cells as foreign substances that need to be eliminated. As a result, antibodies are produced which target specific proteins found on the surface of healthy cells, causing inflammation and damage to the affected tissues or organs. Autoimmune attacks can lead to various autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and many others.