A caloric deficit refers to a state in which an individual consumes fewer calories than they burn through physical activity and basic bodily functions. This can occur intentionally, as part of a weight loss or maintenance plan, or unintentionally due to illness, injury, or other factors that reduce one's ability to move around or maintain energy levels. In order to achieve a caloric deficit, it is necessary to consume fewer calories than the body needs to maintain its current weight and metabolism. This can be achieved through dietary changes such as reducing portion sizes, eliminating certain food groups, or increasing physical activity in order to burn more calories.