Climate models are mathematical representations or simulations that attempt to simulate and predict the Earth's climate system. These models take into account various factors such as greenhouse gas emissions, solar radiation, ocean currents, atmospheric conditions, and other natural phenomena to generate projections of future climate scenarios.
The term "climate model" can refer to a variety of different types of models, including global climate models (GCMs), regional climate models (RCMs), and even simpler conceptual models that focus on specific aspects of the climate system. These models are used by scientists, policymakers, and other stakeholders to better understand how human activities may be affecting the Earth's climate, as well as to make predictions about future changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, sea level rise, and other important indicators of climate change.
Overall, climate models are an essential tool for understanding our complex planetary system, and they play a critical role in informing policy decisions related to mitigating the impacts of climate change.