Cytogenetic refers to the study of genes and their behavior in cells, particularly as it relates to chromosomal abnormalities. This field combines cytology (the study of cells) with genetics (the study of genes and heredity). Cytogeneticists use various techniques such as karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and chromosome painting to analyze the structure and function of chromosomes. They also investigate the causes and consequences of chromosomal abnormalities that can lead to genetic disorders or developmental problems.