A dog trainer is a professional who specializes in teaching dogs obedience and good behavior through various training methods. They work with dogs of all ages, breeds, and skill levels to help them learn basic commands such as sit, stay, come, heel, and more advanced skills like agility or search-and-rescue tasks. Dog trainers may use positive reinforcement techniques, such as treats and praise, negative punishment methods, which involve removing something enjoyable from the dog's life (like taking away a toy), or a combination of both. They often work with owners to help them understand how to maintain their dogs’ training and behavior outside of formal sessions. Dog trainers may work in various settings such as kennels, shelters, private homes, or specialized facilities, and they can be certified through organizations like the International Association of Canine Professionals (IACP) or the Certification Council for Professional Dog Trainers (CCPDT).