Dual-core phones refer to mobile devices that have two independent central processing units (CPUs) within a single chip. These processors work together, allowing for faster performance and more efficient use of resources such as battery life and memory. Dual-core technology is commonly used in smartphones because it can handle multiple tasks simultaneously without slowing down the device. This results in smoother multitasking capabilities, improved web browsing experience, better graphics rendering, and enhanced overall performance compared to single-core phones.