Electromagnetic radiation refers to the emission and propagation of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. These waves are generated by charged particles, such as electrons or protons, that accelerate and emit energy in the form of oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Electromagnetic radiation can travel through space at the speed of light and interact with matter to produce various effects, including heating, ionization, and the emission of secondary radiation.