Genome engineering refers to a set of technologies and methods that allow scientists to manipulate or alter DNA sequences, either by adding, deleting, or modifying specific genes within an organism's genetic material. This can involve techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, which allows for precise targeting and modification of specific genes, or other methods like transgenesis, where new genetic information is introduced into an organism to create a genetically modified organism (GMO). Genome engineering has many potential applications in fields such as medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology, including the development of treatments for diseases, improvement of crop traits, and creation of new biofuels.