Globalization is a process that involves the integration and interdependence of countries, economies, and markets through increased trade, investment, and cultural exchange. It refers to the growth of international trade, cross-border flow of capital, ideas, culture, and technology, as well as the spread of multinational corporations and their influence in different parts of the world. Globalization has led to a greater level of interconnectedness between countries, allowing for more efficient production and distribution of goods and services, but it also comes with its own set of challenges such as income inequality, job displacement, and cultural homogenisation.