A hacienda is a large estate or property, typically associated with Spanish-speaking countries. The term originated in Spain during the Middle Ages and was used to describe an estate that belonged to a noble family or the royal court. In Mexico and other parts of Latin America, the word "hacienda" came to be associated with large estates owned by wealthy landowners who engaged in agriculture, cattle ranching, and other forms of production. These haciendas were often self-sufficient communities that included housing for workers, schools, churches, and other amenities. Today, the word "hacienda" is sometimes used to describe luxurious resorts or hotels, particularly in Mexico and other parts of Latin America.