The phrase "harsh penalties" refers to severe or strict punishments imposed on someone who has committed a crime, violated a law or rule, or engaged in misconduct. These penalties are intended to be deterrents and may include fines, imprisonment, community service, probation, loss of privileges, or other forms of discipline that are considered severe or unforgiving. The severity of the penalty depends on the nature and gravity of the offense, as well as the legal system and cultural norms in place.