A hybrid powertrain is a type of vehicle propulsion system that combines two or more different sources of power to drive the wheels. The most common form of hybrid powertrain uses both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, with energy from the battery being used to power the electric motor instead of the gasoline engine during certain conditions such as idling, cruising, or low-speed maneuvering. Other types of hybrid powertrains can include plug-in hybrids that use both a larger battery and an internal combustion engine, as well as other alternative energy sources like hydrogen fuel cells or even flywheel energy storage systems. The goal of these hybrid powertrain systems is to improve overall efficiency, reduce emissions, and increase the range of electric vehicles by utilizing multiple power sources in a coordinated manner.