Liquefaction is a process in which a solid substance is converted into a liquid. This can occur naturally, such as when water freezes and turns into ice or when rock melts to form magma. It can also be induced by human activity, for example, through the use of chemicals or high pressure. The term liquefaction is often used in relation to geological processes, where it refers to the conversion of soil or other unconsolidated materials into a liquid-like state due to the application of stress, such as during an earthquake. In this context, liquefied ground can flow like a fluid and cause significant damage to structures and infrastructure.