A lithograph is a type of printmaking technique that uses a planographic process, which means it produces an image by transferring ink from a flat surface. In this method, the artist creates an original drawing on a smooth stone or metal plate using a greasy substance like oil or wax. The non-greasy areas are then treated with gum arabic and water, while an acid solution is applied to the greasy areas. When ink is rolled over the surface, it adheres only to the greasy parts of the image, creating a print that replicates the original drawing. Lithographs can be printed in large numbers, making them more accessible than other types of prints like etchings or woodcuts.