The term "madness" generally refers to a state of mind that is characterized by irrational behavior, mental instability or insanity. It can also refer to extreme foolishness or recklessness. In its historical context, it was often used to describe symptoms of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. However, in modern usage, the term is more commonly used metaphorically to describe a chaotic or uncontrollable situation.