Mole rats are a group of rodents that belong to the family Spalacidae. They are also known as blind mole rats or sand puppies due to their underground lifestyle and lack of eyesight. Mole rats have been around for millions of years, with fossils dating back to the Miocene epoch (23-5 million years ago). These rodents are found in parts of East Africa and the Middle East, where they live in large colonies underground.
Mole rats are known for their unique physiology and behavior. They have a low metabolic rate, which allows them to survive on limited food resources. Their blood vessels do not carry oxygen efficiently, so they rely on their specialized nervous system to detect changes in their environment. Mole rats also exhibit eusocial behavior, with some members of the colony working together to care for young and maintain tunnels.
Overall, mole rats are fascinating creatures that have adapted to a unique lifestyle underground.