Naturalization is a process by which an individual who was not born in a certain country, but has lived there for a specified period and meets other requirements, becomes a citizen of that country. It involves granting citizenship to someone from another country after they have fulfilled the necessary legal requirements such as residency, language proficiency tests, knowledge of civics, and good character. Naturalization is often seen as a way for immigrants to fully integrate into their new society by taking on the responsibilities and rights that come with citizenship.