A pharmaceutical formulation refers to a mixture of active ingredients and other components, such as excipients or diluents, that are combined in a specific way to create a medication. This involves selecting the appropriate dosage form (e.g., tablet, capsule, liquid), determining the best method for releasing the drug (e.g., immediate-release, extended-release), and ensuring that the final product is safe, effective, and easy to use by patients. The goal of pharmaceutical formulation is to optimize the therapeutic effect of a medication while minimizing potential side effects or adverse reactions.