Retaliation refers to an act or behavior that is intended as a response, counteraction or reprisal in reaction to something that has been done by another person or group. It can involve inflicting harm, pain or loss on someone or something as a form of revenge for perceived wrongdoing or injury. Retaliation can take many forms such as physical violence, verbal abuse, economic sanctions, cyber attacks and other actions that are intended to cause harm in response to an initial act of aggression. The concept of retaliation is often discussed in the context of international relations, criminal law, and workplace disputes where there are established rules and protocols for dealing with such situations.