A summative assessment is a type of evaluation that measures students' overall learning and growth over an extended period, typically at the end of a course or unit. It provides a summary of what has been learned throughout the instructional period and is used to determine whether students have met specific objectives and standards. Summative assessments are usually conducted through formal exams, projects, presentations, or other high-stakes tasks that require students to demonstrate their understanding of key concepts and skills. The results of these evaluations can be used for grading purposes and to make decisions about student progression or placement in subsequent courses.