However, a 2013 meta - analysis of 6 prospective and 6 case control studies provided insufficient evidence that coffee consumption significantly increases hip fracture risk. (coffeeandhealth.org)
• A high quality case control study in Northern California found that exposure to paternal preconception smoking alone (as well as in combination with postnatal passive smoking) is highly likely to be important in the risk of childhood leukemia (Chang et al, 2006). (fatherhoodinstitute.org)
One recent case control study showed breastfed infants had a significant dose response reduction in inguinal hernia. (notmilk.com)