While the ranking of individual years can be affected by chaotic weather patterns, the long - term trends are attributable to drivers of climate change that right now are dominated by human emissions of greenhouse gases,» said GISS Director Gavin Schmidt. (sciencedaily.com)
Also recent peer reviewed journals show how much of the heat waves and cooling phases are more due to chaotic weatehr and not greenhouse gases, though yes, greenhouse gases contribute to some more chaotic weather at times. (realclimate.org)
Some of it, related to chaotic weather dynamics are likely to be irreducible for any short time period, and so the best you can do is characterise that uncertainty (using ensemble forecasting for instance). (realclimate.org)