The carbon balance of tropical ecosystems remains uncertain, with top - down atmospheric studies suggesting an overall sink and bottom - up ecological approaches indicating a modest net source. (science.sciencemag.org)
Additionally, if the aim is to facilitate the transfer of these abilities to everyday life, these treatments need to be combined with ecological approaches. (scirp.org)
These families are likely to need flexible, multi-modal programmes, grounded in ecological approaches, spanning at least two generations, which respond to individual circumstances. (academic.oup.com)