While these uncertainties prevent the establishment of a high - confidence, one - to - one linkage between atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and global mean temperature increase, probabilistic analyses can assign a subjective probability of exceeding certain temperature thresholds for given emissions scenarios or concentration targets (e.g., Meinshausen, 2005; Harvey, 2007). (ipcc.ch)
The Sustainability Institute has developed user - friendly climate - modeling software that can be run on a laptop computer to help negotiators assess the ultimate impact of any given emissions scenario. (scientificamerican.com)
For example, scenarios that rely on the results from GCM experiments alone may be able to represent some of the uncertainties that relate to the modelling of the climate response to a given radiative forcing, but might not embrace uncertainties caused by the modelling of atmospheric composition for a given emissions scenario, or those related to future land - use change. (ipcc.ch)