These features push for substitution of single layer Gr in transparent conductive layers and in the channel between source and drain of microelectronic devices. (european-mrs.com)
As a potential contact electrode and interconnection material, wafer - scale graphene could be an essential component in microelectronic circuits, but most graphene fabrication methods are not compatible with silicon microelectronics, thus blocking graphene's leap from potential wonder material to actual profit - maker. (sciencedaily.com)
Top - down approaches, on the other hand, start with a much larger chunk of material and sculpt it into silicon chips, circuit boards and other microelectronic components with nanoscale features, by cutting or etching it. (newscientist.com)