This means that it takes energy — from light, for instance — to pull them away from the nucleus and force them into outer orbits. (newscientist.com)
One of the most ubiquitous is the «octet rule,» which states that each atom in a molecule that is produced by a chemical reaction will have eight outer orbiting electrons. (sciencedaily.com)
In terms of strategic military use of L - points, «there are some interesting ideas (though from our side) about the utility of L - points as parking spots for reserve in - orbit spares and possibly for anti-satellites coming in from outer orbits, taking out GEOsats (geostationary satellites) and the like from unexpected angles,» Cheng said. (scientificamerican.com)