"Validation questions" refer to a set of questions or tests that are used to confirm or prove the authenticity, accuracy, or truthfulness of something or someone. Full definition
During the course, we'll ask you personal validation questions so we know it's you. (driversed.com)
If you answer a personal identity validation question incorrectly, you will be asked a different question. (avantidrivingschool.com)
The maximum allowable time to respond to personal validation questions online is 90 seconds, and there is a maximum allowable time of 30 seconds to respond to questions presented by telephone. (tdlr.texas.gov)