Unlike the East
African discoveries, all the southern
gracile australopithecines were found in caves, but these hominids were probably not cave - dwellers.
A. africanus is closely related to Lucy and her kin (Australopithecus afarensis), the
gracile hominids found in the East
African Rift Valley at Hadar, at Laetoli in Tanzania and elsewhere.
Detailed morphological comparisons (google e.g. marc verhaegen human evolution) suggest IMO that South -
African australopiths are more related to Homo - Pan than to Gorilla, and East -
African australopiths more to Gorilla than to Homo - Pan, and that the East -
Africans & the South -
Africans often evolved in parallel (allopatrically A.africanus - > robustus / / A.afarensis - > boisei), from more
gracile to more robust, possibly in response to the same climatic changes (e.g. Pleistocene cooling & drying).