Sentences with phrase «although previous research»

Although previous research on younger couples revealed that discordant heavy drinking (rather than only drinking status) is associated with lower marital satisfaction and divorce (Leonard et al., 2014; Mudar et al., 2001), the present study contributes to the literature by showing that concordance on drinking status (i.e., drinker vs. no drinker) appears to be more important for negative marital relationship quality among older couples than frequency or quantity of consumption.

Although previous research has demonstrated these associations in separate studies, using predominantly community samples, the current study combines and extends these findings to children with anxiety disorders.

For instance, although previous research has shown that an individual carrying a short 5 - HTTLPR genotype is at greater risk for a negative outcome and other research has shown that male carriers of the short MAOA - uVNTR variant exposed to a specific negative environmental factor are also at greater risk for the same negative outcome, this does not mean that carriers of both genotypes are at increased risk, as there is no evidence that the combination of genotypes is additive (Goldman and Rosser, 2014).

Although previous research suggests that empirical feedback does improve therapy outcomes, no such studies had been conducted in systemic therapy.

Although previous research had seemed to indicate that aerosols could create a general cooling effect in the atmosphere — thus helping mitigate the effect of global warming — a new study has revealed that they may in fact warm it just as much as greenhouse gases.

Although previous research on CaCl2 in both diluents demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in serum testosterone [5]- [7], it was not stated explicitly whether the testosterone levels had decreased to below that of physiological range.

Although previous research has emphasized the difficulty teachers have in employing such reforms - based instruction (e.g., Johnson, 2006; Gess - Newsome, 2003; Loucks - Horsley et al., 1998), we often observed the participants in this study using the IDS to implement instructional approaches consistent with current science education reform documents.

It is true that the overall cost of special education has become a significant financial issue for school districts nationwide as enrollments have steadily grown over the years, although our previous research found that the cost has been widely exaggerated in the media.

Although previous research has identified the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) as critical to representing religious beliefs, the means by which vmPFC enables religious belief is uncertain.

Although previous research established graphic media exposure can lead to aggression, these studies only focused on the short - term effects of violent on - screen content and typically examined participants shortly after or even while they were still playing the video games.

Although previous research has found evidence that this sinus system is crucial to burrowing and knot - tying, this study shows that it also plays a role in predator defense.

Although previous research has suggested that this manner of speaking is associated with education and upward mobility, a new study indicates that vocal fry is actually perceived negatively, particularly in a labor market context.

Although previous research has found that Floridians who use irrigation in the home landscape are more water conscious than the general population, it is possible that Californians and Texans are even more aware and concerned about water availability.

Although previous research has identified genes involved with behaviors seen in eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia, little is known about how natural variation in these genes could affect eating behaviors in healthy people.

But although previous research predicts that these soldiers might disparage their victims, investigators were surprised to find that these veterans instead resented Americans whose opinions about the war suggest that their killings may have been unjustified.

«Although previous research has shown that some head injury patients have these amyloid plaques shortly after the incident, these findings suggest these plaques are still present in the brains of patients over 10 years later.

Although previous research suggested that online messages do not work, it is possible that conventional sample sizes may not be large enough to detect the modest effect sizes shown here.

They were the second one to find a similar result, although the previous research looked at miscarriages, not stillbirths (Franche, 2001).

Not exact matches

This latest study builds on Dr Sathe's previous work in developing a bank of marker proteins for a variety of nuts, although that research did not allow for investigation of specific nut allergens.

Although there were no important differences in breastfeeding duration between groups, there was a considerably longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding (which was defined as providing only breast milk for the previous 24 h, but did allow formula less than once per week) among women receiving the research bags (either alone or in combination with the research counseling [P < 0.01, 1 - tailed log rank test]-RRB- versus those not receiving research bags.

Previous studies clearly indicate a strong correlation between social class and the initiation and duration of breastfeeding, and although this study is not able to make statistical generalizations of this kind, the findings of this research do not support this.

Set up in 2010 by the previous Roads Minister Mike Penning, himself a motorcyclist, the review should have been completed by Christmas 2010 and although some research has been signed off, the review is still to be completed.

In previous research, the authors, psychologists Wendy Williams and Stephen Ceci of Cornell University, found that men and women generally fare equally well once they are hired into tenure - track positions (although some critics have challenged those findings).

Although samples from previous seasons have been useful for other research, Marchant has yet to obtain a core with a pristine carbon dioxide record.

Although we've heard these worrisome warnings many times before from congressional friends of science, research leaders, and university lobbyists, Congress has always scraped up needed cash at the last minute in previous years.

He adds that although the new research from Japan found no link between tea consumption and cancer risk, more research is needed to resolve the conflict between this and previous cancer - related studies.

Although the exact reasons that these behaviors predict depression is unknown, each behavior corresponds with previous research on depression.

In a previous study of civilians with insomnia, Taylor and his research team discovered that cognitive behavioral therapy led to significant improvements in sleep efficiency, with the research subjects» use of sleep medication declining from 87.5 percent before therapy to 54 percent afterward, although the subjects weren't required to stop taking their medication.

«Although you can not directly know of the source of DEHP in the system, research has reported extremely high levels of DEHP on the day of blood reinfusion compared to the previous day,» said Steven Neese, who studies endocrine disrupting chemicals at the University of Illinois.

Although this research didn't look specifically at sleepwalkers, it tallies with a previous study by Claudio Bassetti at the University of Zurich in Switzerland, who once managed to manoeuvre a sleepwalker into a brain scanner during a sleepwalking episode.

Although the study was not designed to show whether «helistroke service» would improve outcomes for patients, previous research has amply demonstrated that stroke victims do best when they are treated as quickly as possible — ideally in 100 minutes or less.

Previous research had suggested that such adaptations, although they help the unborn baby survive, take their toll in adulthood, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Although previous work had suggested a connection between metabolism and circadian rhythm control, the find «will come as a big surprise to 99 % of people involved in diabetes research,» says Eve Van Cauter of the University of Chicago in Illinois, an expert on sleep and metabolism who was not involved in the studies.

Previous research in mice with a similar type of infertility found that although they had germ cells as newborns, these germ cells were quickly depleted.

Previous research from the laboratory of Dan S. Kaufman at the Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, USA has demonstrated that large numbers of Natural Killer (NK) immune cells with potent anti-HIV activity [1] can be derived from hESCs and iPSCs [2, 3], although they lack antigen specific recognition receptors [4, 5].

Although previous studies had suggested that American elementary students performed relatively well in mathematics, with older students doing less well, the new findings from the American Institutes for Research suggest that our 4th graders, too, are in the middle of the international pack.

The moderating effects of organizational characteristics are to be expected, since district size and school size almost always «make a difference,» no matter what the focus of the research is.180 Elementary schools are typically more sensitive than secondary schools to leadership influence, although previous leader - efficacy research has reported mostly non-significant effects.181 And the rapid turnover of principals has been widely decried as anathema to school improvement efforts.182 Now we have some evidence that the positive effects of leader efficacy are also moderated by school and district size (the larger the organization, the less sense of efficacy among principals).

Prof Howson, an honorary research fellow at Oxford University, said although the government met its targets for primary teacher recruitment this year, it missed them the previous year.

I have always held a passion for Art Practice although my previous career has been within the Horticultural industry and plant science research.

Although previous experimental studies showed the predicting role of PNS in relation to strategies for reducing cognitive load (Clow & Esses, 2005; Gordon, 1997; Moskowitz, 1993; Neuberg & Newsom, 1993; Schaller et al., 1995) and the moderating role of PNS concerning creativity (Gocłowska et al., 2014; Gocłowska & Crisp, 2013; Rietzschel et al., 2014; Slijkhuis et al., 2013), it is uncertain from the present research whether these predicting and moderating roles can be observed by using the PNS - J.

Although some of the coefficients appear low, scales with few items often have lower reliability and previous research using similar relationship quality scales finds similar coefficients (Birditt, Fingerman, & Zarit, 2010; Fingerman et al., 2008).

BACKGROUND: Although previous cross-sectional research has revealed potential harmful outcomes associated with parent encouragement to diet, it is unclear whether these effects are long lasting and whether they are transmitted to the next generation.

Although the researchers had a measure of intimate partner violence, they didn't have a direct measure of negative interactions in adolescents» dating relationships; however, previous research already clearly establishes that negative interactions are a strong predictor of violence.3 Thus, these results don't necessarily «prove» the chain of events outlined above on their own, but they do provide some solid evidence that something to that effect is happening.

Previous research has shown positive correlations of Social type and EI (Caruso et al., 2002; Kafetsios et al., 2009; Puffer, 2011; Tombs, 2004), although in some studies this was identified for only some of EI dimensions.

Although this is the first prospective longitudinal study to investigate this mediational hypothesis in a systematic manner, our findings are consistent with previous findings indicating that disruption of interpersonal relationships is a predominant risk factor for suicide10, 13,49 and that interpersonal conflict or separation during adulthood partially mediated an association between neglectful overprotective parenting and subsequent suicide attempts.23 The present findings are also consistent with research indicating that stressful life events mediated the association between childhood adversities and suicidal behavior during adolescence or early adulthood, 8 that suicide is multidetermined, 2 and that youths who experience numerous adversities during childhood and adolescence are at a particularly elevated risk for suicide.18, 22,49

Our previous research also found that there is a high degree of concordance between youth reports of parental monitoring and communication with those of parents and with youth risk involvement.17 Although the study participants represent a convenience sample rather than systematic sampling, the allocation to study condition was done randomly.

Although this pattern can not be ruled out, previous research (Suitor, Gilligan, & Pillemer, in press) has shown that mothers» preferences for care are shaped by perceptions of similarity, gender, and proximity, and are not predicted by offspring's present or previous difficult behaviors.

Although this research supports previous self - report (e.g., Carstensen et al., 2000; Gross et al., 1997; Lawton et al., 1992) and experimental evidence (e.g., Blanchard - Fields et al., 1995, 1997, 2004; Isaacowitz et al., 2008; Phillips et al., 2008) suggesting that overall older adults are better at emotion regulation than younger ones, it also adds to this literature in one important way: Even among older adults, some may be better than others at regulating their affective states.

Although the sample size precluded the authors from being able to investigate the added effects of race and disability on preschool discipline, previous research suggests that children of color with disabilities are among the most likely to be suspended or expelled.16

Previous research shows that although these siblings share a similar level of genetic relatedness, they often differ from each other with regard to relationship quality (e.g., Pollet, 2007; Tanskanen and Danielsbacka, 2014).