Not exact matches
Thankfully, economist Josh Bivens, who wrote about all of the above for CBPPs full employment project, figured out that if x were, say 1 percent — i.e., if
average compensation grew 1 percent faster than
productivity growth — it would take over eight years for the gap to get back to its pre-recession
level.
When they are employed, the
average level of
productivity will decline, so that production per unit will cost the company more.
However, the issue with using Marx for this is that Marx discovered empirically that not all labour hours are treated the same, and that the
level of capitalisation (unit
productivity per labour hour), personal
productivity (length of the working day, fatigue), and social utility produced an «
average» social labourer.
If we brought their
productivity levels up to even just the national
average, it would add # 70 to # 90 billion to our economy every year.
The UK is said to be suffering from a «
productivity problem» because on
average British employees have to work more hours to produce the same
level of output as their counterparts in many rival economies, such as the USA or Germany.
The study, «GCSEs, A
levels and apprenticeships: their economic value», found that having 5 A * to C grade GCSEs adds an
average # 60,000 to an individual's lifetime
productivity, particularly if the pupil achieves high grades in English and maths.
The competitive labor market allows many small adjustments, which on
average tie wage
levels to overall
productivity, not to the artificial scarcity created under the NLRA.
In northern mid-latitudes during summer, the zonal
average increases near the surface are about 30 ppb or more, raising background
levels to nearly 80 ppb, threatening attainment of air quality standards over most metropolitan and even rural regions, and compromising crop and forest
productivity.
They determined that «net primary
productivity» improved by an
average of 27 % during this 112 - year period, with most of the increased growth occurring after 1950, when CO2
levels rose the most, from 310 ppm in 1950 to 395 ppm in 2007.
There is evidence that maltreated children are at greater risk for lifelong health and social problems, including mental illnesses, criminality, chronic diseases, disability1 and poorer quality of life.2 A history of child maltreatment is also associated with lower adult
levels of economic well - being across a wide range of metrics, including higher
levels of economic inactivity, lower occupational status, lower earnings and lower expected earnings.3 Existing research suggests a ripple effect caused by lower educational achievement, higher
levels of truancy and expulsion reducing peak earning capacity by US$ 5000 a year4 or an
average lifetime cost of US$ 210012 per person1 when considering
productivity losses and costs from healthcare, child welfare, criminal justice and special education.
The subpar growth reflects weak
productivity growth, which has
averaged less than 1 % over the past five years, and a low rate of labor force participation that remains at
levels last seen in the 1970s.