Sentences with phrase «b cell bodies»

(B) UNC - 9:: GFP is expressed more uniformly in the ventral nerve cord in unc - 7 (e5) animals, and clusters of puncta near B cell bodies are not discernible.

In unc - 9 mutants, the brightest UNC - 9:: GFP puncta are still localized near B cell bodies, but more puncta are distributed elsewhere along the cord compared to wild - type (Figure 8C).

(A) In wild - type (wt; N2), UNC - 9:: GFP expressed in B motor neurons (Pacr - 5:: unc - 9:: gfp) visualizes puncta in the ventral nerve cord localized near B cell bodies.

Possibly in the respective mutant backgrounds homomeric channels may form but are not recognizable by our methods because they do not particularly stand out as brighter puncta offset from the ventral nerve cord near B cell bodies.

(B) Pcex - 1:: unc - 7S:: gfp (AVA, AVD interneurons) rescues forward locomotion but does not concentrate in puncta near B cell bodies.

Not exact matches

Folic acid is a B vitamin which our bodies use to make new cells.

B vitamins help your body make energy from food and assist in the production of red blood cells.

B - vitamins improve energy levels and iron helps our bodies produce oxygen - rich red blood cells.

Beets also contain folate, a B complex vitamin, with a crucial role in cell regeneration, along with essential and trace minerals (manganese, magnesium, potassium, iron) with key detox activities in the body.

Conveniently, pure orange juice is also a source of the B - vitamin folate, needed for white blood cells (that protect the body against infectious disease) to rapidly reproduce.»

Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps the body make healthy new cells, and has other benefits as well.

Vitamins B - 1, B - 2, B - 6 and B - 12 are water soluble vitamins that help release energy from the cells in the body, helps with cell division and is important for DNA synthesis.

When viral and bacterial infections strike, our bodies respond by commanding B cells within our immune systems to crank out antibodies to battle the invaders.

The Cincinnati Children's team suspects that the EBNA2 transcription factor from EBV is helping change how infected B cells operate, and how the body responds to those infected cells.

While they're essential for helping the body fend off attacks, if something goes awry, B - cells can generate antibodies that attack healthy tissues.

«B - cells actually undergo evolution in real time in your body,» says Shlomchik.

We are not just talking about the T cells and B cells that are specific for HIV or SIV, we are talking about the vast majority of all immune cells in the body.

T cells, along with B cells and others, comprise the adaptive arm of the immune system, the body's second line of defense which quickly attacks and «remembers» specific pathogens.

When antigens such as viruses and vaccines enter the human body, germinal centers are produced within secondary lymph nodes and memory B cells are then induced from germinal - center B cells.

B cells swing into action when the body is under attack, generating antibodies and fine - tuning them to fight specific infections.

DLBCL originates from B cells, which play a crucial role in the body's immune response.

When the toxin builds up, it destroys T and B lymphocytes, the body's infection - fighting immune cells.

T and B cells are vital players in the immune system; their job is to circulate through the body, find infectious agents, and mount a protective response.

a) The Eye in your Thigh: a patch of skin cells on the leg that can distinguish between bright and dark conditions, perhaps to help regulate the body clock b) The Ear in your Rear: nerves in the buttocks attuned to infrasound vibrations of between 10 and 25 hertz, perhaps to warn of approaching predators or thunderstorms c) The Nose in your Toes: scent - detecting sebaceous glands on the feet whose purpose is unclear d) The Tongue in your Lung: taste - bud - like receptors that detect bitter substances and dilate or restrict the airways accordingly

To make the vaccine, researchers took a sample of a patient's tumors, which in this trial were made up of B cells (white blood cells that help the body battle disease and infection).

The body has billions of B cells, each one and its daughter cells recognize something different, so very few of which can recognize the structure of any given germ.

In fact, TBK1 may also be a contributor to debilitating diseases such as ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease) and childhood herpes simplex virus encephalitis, if its connection with ICOS somehow triggers B cell activation and specific antibody production against the body's own cells in ALS or an excessive response to the invading viruses in childhood encephalitis.

Along the way, the experiments have resulted in important information on how MS attacks the body, says Stephen Hauser, a neurologist at the University of California, San Francisco, whose lab spent decades determining the critical role B - cells play in the disease.

A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, follicular lymphoma develops when the body starts making abnormal B - cells, which are white blood cells that in normal conditions fight infections.

In battling infections, the body's immune system produces both B cells, which make antibodies to neutralize the invading pathogen, and T cells which directly destroy the virus.

Sometimes when the immune system makes small mistakes, the body amplifies its response in a big way: Editing errors in the DNA of developing T and B cells can cause blood cancers.

«We thought we could adapt this technology that's really good at killing all B cells in the body to target specifically the B cells that make antibodies that cause autoimmune disease,» said Milone.

They say this delayed response tallies with the idea that CFS is caused by autoantibodies — antibodies, made by B cells, that mistakenly attack the body's own tissues.

Mella says that all the B cells are gone within two weeks or so of the treatment, but autoantibodies typically survive in the body for another two or three months.

The auto - reactive B cells produced autoantibodies that mistakenly targeted proteins within their own body, in particular targeting immune inflammatory molecules called interferons and interleukins.

The b cells secreted insulin, the team found, and adding sugar to their media made the b cells spew out more than twice as much of the hormone, just as b cells in the body release insulin in response to sugar.

In the body, developing B cells are educated to distinguish the body's own substances from foreign ones.

In Type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks the body, destroying pancreatic b cells and preventing the pancreas from producing the insulin.

That gene, HLA - B * 5701, codes for a protein on immune cells that plays a central role in clearing the body of HIV - infected cells.

Antibodies are produced by the body's B cells to fight off infections by bacteria, viruses, and other invasive pathogens.

Potential treatments being studied include training the body to better tolerate myelin, drugs that target the immune system's B cells, blocking proteins that cause inflammation in the body, or even «rebooting» the entire immune system.

Ornung G, Shupliakov O, Lindå H, Ottersen OP, Storm - Mathisen J, Ulfhake B, Cullheim S (1996) Qualitative and quantitative analysis of glycine - and GABA - immunoreactive nerve terminals on motoneuron cell bodies in the cat spinal cord: a postembedding electron microscopic study J Comp Neurol, 365 (3), 413 - 26 PubMed 8822179

Normally, when bacteria or viruses enter the body, some of the B cells will change into plasma cells.

When DCs encounter a suspicious antigen, they capture it, process it, and then deliver it to B and T cells, empowering them to carry out a precise attack against any cell in the body that harbors the antigen.

The distribution and density of hMito + mitochondria within individual hGDAs was sufficient to identify their cell bodies and show that both types of hGDA often displayed similar typical astrocytic «stellate» arrangements of their processes within transplant parenchyma, gray matter and white matter (Fig. 2 E and F, Fig. 3 A and B, Fig. 4 C).

Normally, two types of immune cells, called T cells and B cells, protect the body from invading viruses, bacteria and fungi.

(A) iPS cells can form embryoid bodies (EB) and can differentiate in vitro to endoderm shown by alpha fetoprotein (AFP)(B), mesoderm shown by smooth muscle actin (SMA) and desmin (D, E), and ectoderm shown by GFAP and SMI31 staining (G, H).

Mock - infected control (A); Severe hemorrhage and regression of ovarian follicles (B); Spleens from mock - infected control (left) and enlarged spleens from the infected ducks (C); HE - stained ovary section showing hemorrhage and follicle rupture with red stained bodies (D); HE - stained brain section revealing lymphocytes and mononuclear cell infiltration under cranial arachnoid (E) and focal gliosis (arrow)(F).

Images of hMito + (red) and GFAP (green) immuno - reactivity within hGDAsBMP (A, C, E, F) and hGDAsCNTF (B, D, G, H) transplants at the center of injury sites showing comparable densities of GFAP + intermediate filaments (green) within hMito immuno - positive cell bodies and process of both types of hGDAs.

Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid β - peptide; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Ambra1, activating molecule in Beclin -1-regulated autophagy; AMPK, AMP - activated protein kinase; APP, amyloid precursor protein; AR, androgen receptor; Atg, autophagy - related; AV, autophagic vacuole; Bcl, B - cell lymphoma; BH3, Bcl - 2 homology 3; CaMKKβ, Ca2 + - dependent protein kinase kinase β; CHMP2B, charged multivesicular body protein 2B; CMA, chaperone - mediated autophagy; 2 ′ 5 ′ ddA, 2 ′, 5 ′ - dideoxyadenosine; deptor, DEP - domain containing mTOR - interacting protein; DRPLA, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy; 4E - BP1, translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein - 1; Epac, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1 / 2, extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 1/2; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FAD, familial AD; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family - interacting protein of 200 kDa; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD3, FTD linked to chromosome 3; GAP, GTPase - activating protein; GR, guanidine retinoid; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HD, Huntington's disease; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; hVps, mammalian vacuolar protein sorting homologue; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IMPase, inositol monophosphatase; IP3R, Ins (1,4,5) P3 receptor; I1R, imidazoline - 1 receptor; JNK1, c - Jun N - terminal kinase 1; LC3, light chain 3; LD, Lafora disease; L - NAME, NG - nitro - L - arginine methyl ester; LRRK2, leucine - rich repeat kinase 2; MIPS, myo - inositol -1-phosphate synthase; mLST8, mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8; MND, motor neuron disease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; mTORC, mTOR complex; MVB, multivesicular body; NAC, N - acetylcysteine; NBR1, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6 kinase - 1; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDK1, phosphoinositide - dependent kinase 1; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3 - kinase; PI3KC1a, class Ia PI3K; PI3KC3, class III PI3K; PI3KK, PI3K - related protein kinase; PINK1, PTEN - induced kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; polyQ, polyglutamine; PS, presenilin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10; Rag, Ras - related GTP - binding protein; raptor, regulatory - associated protein of mTOR; Rheb, Ras homologue enriched in brain; rictor, rapamycin - insensitive companion of mTOR; SBMA, spinobulbar muscular atrophy; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; SLC, solute carrier; SMER, small - molecule enhancer of rapamycin; SMIR, small - molecule inhibitor of rapamycin; SNARE, N - ethylmaleimide - sensitive factor - attachment protein receptor; SOD1, copper / zinc superoxide dismutase 1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TOR, target of rapamycin; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; ULK1, UNC -51-like kinase 1; UVRAG, UV irradiation resistance - associated gene; VAMP, vesicle - associated membrane protein; v - ATPase, vacuolar H + - ATPase; Vps, vacuolar protein sorting