So great is the efficiency of the Mendelian mechanism of gene recombination that only a minuscule fraction of the potentially possible
gene combinations can ever be realized.
Supposing that a species has only 1000 genes each in ten different allelic forms (both figures are overly conservative estimates), 101000
gene combinations are potentially possible.
Even if most of the possible
gene combinations are poorly viable, or inviable, a stupendous majority of the genetic potentialities of the living world have never appeared, and never will be realized and tried out by natural selection.
The one he does mention is that identical twins have the same
gene combination.
In retrospect, it was serendipitous that Dr. Garcia picked the pasilla, Colorado, and negro types; these types probably intercrossed and produced progeny that contained novel
gene combinations, allowing him to select for the new pod type and cultivar.
Nevertheless,
gene combination and regulation is more relevant than gene presence in the time - scale of evolution.
However, the downside comes when the inevitable accumulation of mutations takes its toll, or changes to the environment make
gene combinations less well suited than they had once been.
Monsanto's newest drought - tolerant product, Drought Guard, relies on a gene that creates a chaperone protein to coat a plant's RNA during stressful conditions and maintain the plant's normal cell functions, while Syngenta's hybrid contains novel drought - tolerant
gene combinations.
The 18 -
gene combination test would first be used in hospitals, Sweeney said.
For each antibiotic, they identified
gene combinations that enhanced the killing of target bacteria by 10,000 - to 1,000,000-fold.
They compared a person's BDNF
gene combination — CC, CT or TT — to factors that define obesity, such as body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat.
«In the future, I would like to see improvements in the methods to identify hybrids, such as more precise techniques that could identify
gene combinations unique to hybrids.»
«The new
gene combinations can quickly give bacteria a new pathogenic niche.
Since a single disorder might result from hundreds of different
gene combinations, it's unlikely that researchers will find one drug that tackles all of them.
Scientists suspect that
some gene combinations may result in a particularly potent form of flu and ignite a pandemic in humans.
Like humans, the snails» best defense against the parasitic worm is to pass down
gene combinations that are new to the parasite.
Yet, over time, humans have inherited and passed down new
gene combinations that protect better against those diseases.
It appears that the synergistic effect of some multiple
gene combinations, including Lr2BS, enhances leaf rust resistance.
Seeing as genotype (
the gene combination responsible for the colour) is often unknown, choices are generally made from phenotype (what the dog looks like) at the time of registration.
You can't blame Max for not knowing, polygenetic traits were unknown at the time; but in selecting Klodo, he selected for some very undesirable
gene combinations that favored joint problems like hip dysplasia and cruciate ligament ruptures.
There are simply too many possible breeds and
gene combinations.
This type of disease is labeled polygenic, meaning that it requires multiple
gene combinations for expression.
Not exact matches
I guess the
combination of entrepreneurial
genes and that early time screwing around in grandpas lab inspired me to found MINR.
At the same time, the
gene story also shows how the virtually infinite number of possible chance
combinations of the many factors that constitute a person's biological inheritance explain and support the idea of personal individuality and uniqueness.
The net effect of both the assumptions and the conclusion is that some boys are born into situations in which the
combination of
gene expression and social context heavily determine what kind of person they will be.
The other objection is that it amounts to a very crude form of materialism to identify individuality with the
gene -
combination.
The true testing ground for the implicate - order strategy, it seems to me, may indeed be biology rather than physics, where abstract methods are so powerful as to perhaps make it dispensable: just as the old style building - block materialist was refuted not by philosophical polemic, but by the one authority in which he trusted, i.e., by physics itself, so the nothing - but reductionist in contemporary biology will modify his views should it be possible some day to provide him with a mathematical language that fills the currently existing gap between our formal knowledge of
gene structure and
combinations, and our intuitive apprehension of growth and shape.
It was a perfect storm of the right
combination of capsaicin
genes colliding with some stress on those particular plants that produced an abnormally high amount of capsaicin.
This creates
combinations of plant, animal, bacterial and virus
genes that do not occur in nature or through traditional crossbreeding methods.
Your health depends on the
combination of your
genes and your lifestyle.
This experimental technology merges DNA from different speciesto create new
combinations of plant, animal, bacterial and viral
genes that can not be formed naturally.
The
combination of AU's consistency and the fact that the Tigers were awful in 2012 (the last year of the
Gene Chizik era) puts Malzahn's program atop this list of «rising» P5 teams.
Parenting styles can be affected by both maternal and paternal
genes in
combination with the environment.
Since all people have two copies of every
gene,
combinations of the TAS2R8
gene variants determine whether someone tastes bitter foods intensely.
These experimental
combinations of
genes cross the natural species barrier and have not been proven safe.
They are no more alike than any sibling set, sharing about 50 % of their genetic markers in a unique
combination of
genes from both parents.
The system had come full circle: in flies, whose clocks are the best understood, the CLOCK protein — in
combination with a protein encoded by a
gene called cycle — binds to and activates the per and tim
genes, but only if no PER and TIM proteins are present in the nucleus.
The new study shows that in AML, every possible
combination of homozygous and heterozygous mutation occurs for the two
gene mutations under study.
While they don't have definite answers, besides having good
genes, Kawas said, the answer is probably a
combination of being resilient to Alzheimer's Disease and also that they did not develop other dementia - causing conditions, such as microscopic infarctions that occur when blood flow is blocked from certain regions of the brain and hippocampal sclerosis, which causes neuron loss.
The variety with the best
combination of
genes wins the evolutionary race.
The study, published in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, showed that a
combination of genetics and epigenetics — factors that turn
genes on or off — could explain how lactose intolerance develops over time.
Standard approaches also struggle to find
combinations of multiple
genes that affect disease risk in complex ways (known as genetic interactions).
The genomic results confirmed Ata's Chilean descent and turned up a slew of mutations in seven
genes that separately or in
combinations contribute to various bone deformities, facial malformations or skeletal dysplasia, more commonly known as dwarfism.
«
Combination therapy strengthens T cells in melanoma pre-clinical study: Findings have implications for treating tumors lacking tumor suppressor
gene PTEN.»
A pre-clinical study of two drugs designed to boost T cell performance, has revealed the agents, when give in
combination, may enhance the immune system's ability to kill melanoma tumors deficient in the tumor suppressor
gene PTEN.
To handle the staggering task of testing all of the potential
combinations of
genes, Venter and his colleagues are going to set up an army of robots to build a million synthetic organisms a day.
Our
genes are long stretches of DNA molecules, which are made up of
combinations of four chemical DNA «letters.»
Repeating the cycle 35 times generated an estimated 15 billion new strains, each with a different
combination of changes in the target
genes.
Using a
combination of old - fashioned clinical observation and modern biochemical analysis, he has shown that a person's appetite and their eating behavior can be linked to specific
genes — and that even a tiny defect such as the absence of a single nucleic acid in a sequence of DNA can lead to runaway weight gain.
As a consequence of differential RNA splicing, mRNAs containing different
combinations of exons can be produced from the same
gene.