Sentences with phrase «because emission flux»

Because emission flux measurements were not possible at the time for OSCs, we chose to estimate fluxes of OSCs from agricultural activities in the SoCAB by simultaneously measuring OSC and NH3 ambient concentrations adjacent to a cattle feedlot in Chino, California (SI Appendix, sections 1 and 2) before dawn to avoid photochemistry.

Not exact matches

It is assigned only to the new GHGs, because it is assumed that the old GHGs had already come to equilibrium with the air and the pre-existing energy - out flux prior to the emission of the new GHGs.

The ability of a band to shape the temperature profile of the whole atmosphere should tend to be maximum at intermediate optical thicknesses (for a given band width), because at small optical thicknesses, the amounts of emission and absorption within any layer will be small relative to what happens in other bands, while at large optical thicknesses, the net fluxes will tend to go to zero (except near TOA and, absent convection, the surface) and will be insensitive to changes in the temperature profile (except near TOA), thus allowing other bands greater control over the temperature profile (depending on wavelength — greater influence for bands with larger bandwidths at wavelengths closer to the peak wavelength — which will depend on temperature and thus vary with height.

The calculation of carbon fluxes due to forest and grassland conversion is in many ways the most complex of the emissions inventories components, because responses of biological systems vary over different time - scales.

The «pollution paradigm» of climate change limits the opportunities for addressing or solving the issue, in part because fossil fuel emissions make up such a small fraction of the annual flux of CO2 into the atmosphere (less than 3 %).

It changes because of greenhouse gases, cloud and ice cover changes, land clearing, volcanoes, dust and soot in the atmosphere — all of the physical changes that result in a change in the radiative flux leaving the planet either as IR (heat) emissions or as reflected sunlight.

Since that influential review appeared, and in part because of the attention it generated, researchers have quantified GHG fluxes from more than 200 additional reservoirs, and have synthesized regional emissions (Demarty and Bastien 2011, Li et al. 2015) and emissions from particular types of reservoirs (i.e., hydroelectric; Barros et al. 2011, Hertwich 2013) paving the way for a new synthesis of global reservoir GHG emissions.

One can make this quite a bit more complicated, because as you correctly note the magnitude of the gross fluxes (e.g., natural sinks) isn't independent of the atmospheric concentration, so one can't just say that if we removed all human emissions the net natural flux would still be negative and atmospheric CO2 would be decreasing.

Note that the effect may well be to support the IPCC model of hundreds of years because the flux increase acts as a lever on our emissions wrt residence time.

So, any disturbances in climate / temperature independent CO2 fluxes (like human emissions), will be compensated, because atmospheric CO2 is determined by climate.

Likewise, the emission of CO2 within its absorption bands is just as effective as its interception, therefore this energy is partitioned throughout the atmosphere and radiated back to earth in its majority (because the escape of energy through the optically thick higher levels of the atmosphere reduces the flux, whereas the earth is still optically close by and a ready recipient of IR radiation.

However, my main objection to formulations of Dr. Glickstein still stands — the atmospheric greenhouse effect occurs not because of real cloudy air has certain non-Planck absorption - emission structure and has fluxes between different spectral bands via local with buffer gas.