The researchers know these particular Buckyballs are extraterrestrial
because the noble gases trapped inside have an unusual ratio of isotopes, atoms whose nuclei have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Not exact matches
The state Democratic Committee, in turn, has accused Cox of pushing the fracking issue
because of his ties to the natural
gas industry, with some lawmakers, including IDC Leader Jeff Klein, to call for an investigation of the financial relationship with
Noble Energy.
Meanwhile, Cox is being criticized by Democrats
because he is on the board of directors of the Texas - based natural
gas drilling company
Noble Energy and holds about $ 3 million in its stock.
Because different
noble gases move at various speeds through rock and water, the proportions present revealed that although the
gases had come from deep underground, they had arrived directly rather than percolating through layers of rock and water (PNAS, DOI: 10.1073 / pnas.1322107111).
That's
because, on top of bringing water, they are also believed to have delivered much of Earth's so - called volatile elements, namely, carbon, nitrogen, and
noble gases, says Conel Alexander, a cosmochemist at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C. To explain the abundance of these elements, there would have had to have been enough impacts to also deliver Earth's water, he says.
While argon comprises only a tiny fraction of the
gases lost to space from Mars, it is special
because it's a
noble gas.
It is also a
noble gas — so labeled
because it was long believed to be «too aloof» to react with the other elements on the periodic table.
The prevalences and isotope ratios of the
noble, or inert,
gases, such as neon, argon, krypton and xenon, provide a valuable tracer of ancient processes,
because they are chemically nonreactive and so do not change much over time.
While argon makes up only a tiny fraction of the
gas lost to space from Mars, it is special
because it's a
noble gas.
Hydrogen cools the best
because it's the fastest [2 g / mol], Air slower [~ 29 g / mol], Argon slower [40 g / mol], CO2 slower [44 g / mol], and various
noble gasses like Radon slower still.