Sentences with phrase «beta cells produce»

Healthy beta cells produce and release insulin in response to glucose in the blood, and they are vital to treating and preventing diabetes.

Beta cells produce insulin, which is released into the bloodstream when blood sugar levels reach a certain threshold.

In the pancreas, pancreatic beta cells produce insulin, the hormone that provides fuel to the body's cells by transporting glucose.

After implantation, these cells are expected to become mature human islet tissue including well - regulated beta cells producing insulin on demand.

Not exact matches

«Because brain cells release amyloid beta during activity, we think if the brain cells can't rest the way they're supposed to and get that deep sleep, they produce a relative excess of amyloid,» Dr. Yo - El Ju of Washington University, an author of that study, told Reuters.

Researchers in California have turned skin cells in mice into insulin producing beta cells, effectively curing the animals of diabetes.

If the tumor that Jobs had removed in 2004 had begun to break down prior to the surgery, White says, the tumor's dead cells could have released protease and lipase enzymes that may have damaged beta cells in the pancreas, which produce insulin.

Insulin is produced by beta cells to control glucose levels in the blood.

Over the past 15 years, the GFP gene has enabled scientists to watch a plethora of previously murky biological processes in action: how nerve cells develop in the brain, how insulin - producing beta cells form in the pancreas of an embryo, how proteins are transported within cells, and how cancer cells metastasize through the body.

Activation of beta - arrestin - 1 causes lung cancer cells to produce proteins associated with increased motility and invasion.

At the end of the study, children who lived in neighborhoods with the highest concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and particulates had experienced greater declines in insulin sensitivity and had signs of impaired pancreatic beta cells, which produce insulin.

People with diabetes can no longer regulate their blood sugar levels effectively via the hormone insulin, which is produced by beta cells in the pancreas.

The process involves the reversion of delta cells (which produce somatostatin, another pancreatic hormone) to a precursor - like cell state, with proliferation and later reconstitution of the populations of beta and delta cells.

By introducing caerulein to the pancreas we were able to generate new beta cells — the cells that produce insulin — potentially freeing patients from daily doses of insulin to manage their blood - sugar levels.»

GABA, or gamma - aminobutryic acid, is an amino acid produced by the same beta cells that make and secrete insulin.

A chemical produced in the pancreas that prevented and even reversed Type 1 diabetes in mice had the same effect on human beta cells transplanted into mice, new research has found.

The illness is caused by the loss of so - called pancreatic beta cells, the cells that produce the hormone insulin, which is essential for regulating the use of sugar in the body.

The four children also had more of the types of species that are known to trigger gut inflammation, a possible prelude to type - 1 diabetes, in which the body's immune system mistakenly produces antibodies that attack and destroy the beta cells of the pancreas that normally make insulin.

In those mice, but not in normal mice, they found that caerulein caused existing alpha cells in the pancreas to differentiate into insulin - producing beta cells.

A new study by researchers at Sanford - Burnham Medical Research Institute (Sanford - Burnham) has found that a peptide called caerulein can convert existing cells in the pancreas into those cells destroyed in type 1 diabetes insulin - producing beta cells.

At the very least, Domínguez - Bendala hopes that they could use BMP - 7 to convert the other 98 per cent of donor pancreas cells into beta cells, which, he estimates, could potentially provide enough insulin - producing cells to transplant into seven people.

The genes set off production of a protein, neurogenin - 3 (Ngn3); thus, generating new, healthy insulin - producing beta cells.

In type 1 and late - stage type 2 diabetes, the pancreas loses insulin - producing beta cells, increasing instability in blood sugar levels.

The study, published in Nature Communications, shows that membralin regulates the cell's machinery for producing beta - amyloid (or amyloid beta, Aβ), the protein that causes neurons to die in Alzheimer's disease.

Both types have been linked to reductions in the number of insulin - producing beta cells.

However, tumors produce high amounts of a protein called Transforming Growth Factor - Beta (TGF - β) that suppresses the activity of NK cells.

In marked contrast to the widely held notion that the insulin - producing pancreatic beta cell loses function with wear and tear, the researchers now show that mouse and human beta cells are fully functional at advanced age.

Loss of insulin - producing beta cells has long been recognized as a cause of Type 1 diabetes, in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys beta cells.

In a screen of more than 100,000 potential drugs, only one, harmine, drove human insulin - producing beta cells to multiply, according to a study led by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, funded by JDRF and the National Institutes of Health, and published online in Nature Medicine.

Diabetes results from too few insulin - producing «beta cells» in the pancreas secreting too little insulin, the hormone required to keep blood sugar levels in the normal range.

Unlike transplanted beta cells — or other types of real cells genetically engineered to release insulin for diabetes treatment (SN: 1/15/11, p. 9)-- these artificial cells could be mass - produced and have a much longer shelf life than live cells, says study coauthor Zhen Gu, a biomedical engineer at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

«There have been previous reports of other labs deriving beta cell types from stem cells, no other group has produced mature beta cells as suitable for use in patients,» he said.

«TGF - beta functions as an important time signal that controls when a stem cell should stop producing one type of nerve cell and instead start producing another, while also gradually limiting the stem cell's future development capacity,» says Johan Ericson, Professor of Developmental Biology, who led the study.

When human stem cells develop into beta cells in a dish, they only reach a precursor stage, unable to fully mature; this prevents them from effectively producing insulin in response to glucose.

Pancreatic beta cells help maintain normal blood glucose levels by producing the hormone insulin — the master regulator of energy (glucose).

When the researchers raised mice that lacked ERRγ, the animals» beta cells couldn't produce insulin in response to blood glucose spikes.

Researchers, tackling a modern challenge of diabetes research, have identified a gene believed to disrupt the ability of beta cells to produce insulin resulting in type 1 diabetes.

Healthy mitochondria are crucial to allowing beta cells to produce insulin and control blood sugar levels.

«By identifying the signals that instruct mouse progenitor cells to become cells that make tubes and later insulin - producing beta cells, we can transfer this knowledge to human stem cells to more robustly make beta cells, says Professor and Head of Department Henrik Semb from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology at the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences.

«For decades, researchers have tried to generate human pancreatic beta cells that could be cultured and passaged long term under conditions where they produce insulin.

But when the team instructed human beta - like cells grown in the lab to produce more ERRγ, «Voilà,» says Evans.

Loss of insulin - producing beta cells is a hallmark of diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune metabolic condition in which the body kills off all the pancreatic beta cells that produce the insulin needed for glucose regulation in the body.

In their work, the researchers also show how TGF - beta can be used in stem cell cultures to mass - produce nerve cells which in turn produce the signalling substance serotonin.

«Researchers create insulin - producing beta cells in a dish.»

People with Type 2 diabetes have an excess of a protein called islet amyloid polypeptide, or IAPP, and the accumulation of this protein is linked to the loss of insulin - producing pancreatic beta cells.

In type 1 diabetes, a person's immune system attacks and destroys the pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin.

The researchers used an adeno - associated viral (AAV) vector to deliver to the mouse pancreas two proteins, Pdx1 and MafA, which reprogrammed plentiful alpha cells into functional, insulin - producing beta cells.

A new study just published in the journal Glia and available online on July 11th, details the newly discovered mechanism by which astrocytes are involved in inhibitory synapse formation and presents strong evidence that Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF β1), a protein produced by many cell types (including astrocytes) is a key player in this process.

By comparing the gene expression patterns of normal beta cells and insulin - producing cells derived from alpha cells, the researchers confirmed nearly complete cellular reprogramming.