The toxicity of chokeberry extract on normal
blood vessel lining cells was tested and found to have no effects up to the highest levels used (50 ug / ml), suggesting that the cell death effect is happening in a way other than through preventing new blood vessel formation (anti-angiogenesis), a process that is important in cancer cell growth.
Not exact matches
In diseases such as malaria and sickle
cell disease, red
blood cells break down, with harmful effects on the rest of the body — particularly the
lining of small
blood vessels.
Cholesterol is carried in the
blood and is infused into the
cells lining the
blood vessels, says Prof. Seneviratne dealing with the chemistry of the human body.
The Weill Cornell researchers» process was more direct: Four transcription factors prompted adult mouse endothelial
cells, which
line the inside of
blood vessels, to turn into HSCs.
Compared with unheated mice, the animals with the faux fever had twice as many white
blood cells migrating out of the
blood vessels and into the lymph tissue that
lines the skin and gut, which is where they need to be to attack incoming pathogens.
It is a smart filter at that: The
cells lining the brain's
blood vessels can build extra proteins for grabbing glucose if the brain needs a boost and can also destroy some of the proteins to dial the flow back down.
He determined that epithelial
cells lining the brain's
blood vessel walls contain a surface protein, or receptor, that can snag insulin, the hormone essential for metabolizing carbohydrates and fats.
In experiments conducted on human lung endothelial
cells and in mice, the researchers showed that NS1 caused permeability of the endothelium, which
lines the walls of
blood and lymph
vessels.
Tiny robots that swim through our
blood vessels attacking viruses and malignant
cells have not quite crossed the
line that separates science fiction from science — but there might be a way to jump - start their development.
Epithelial
cells form tissue layers that cover our skin and the inner surfaces of most of our internal organs, while endothelial
cells line the adjacent
blood - transporting
vessels and capillaries that support their functions.
In their latest study, Guarente and his colleagues decided to explore the role of sirtuins in endothelial
cells, which
line the inside of
blood vessels.
Luster's team hopes to further investigate the characteristics of joints that underlie the critical role of C5a in initiating type III hypersensitivity and whether specific molecules expressed on endothelial
cells lining joints play a role in transporting C5a and chemokines from the joint space into adjacent
blood vessels.
An enduring mystery of atherosclerosis — the blockage of arteries that can lead to heart attack and stroke — is why T
cells flock to atherosclerotic lesions, sites of inflammation
lining blood vessels.
Current thinking regarding type III hypersensitivity is that immune
cells within tissues sense the presence of these immune complexes (ICs) through specific receptor molecules and release inflammatory factors called cytokines that activate the endothelial
cells lining adjacent
blood vessels to promote the recruitment of neutrophils.
Antril, which is classified as an interleukin - 1 receptor antagonist, occupies the site on
cells lining blood vessels where interleukin - 1 docks before it triggers an immune response.
A study combining tumor
cells from patients with breast cancer with a laboratory model of
blood vessel lining provides the most compelling evidence so far that a specific trio of
cells is required for the spread of breast cancer.
In earlier studies involving animal models and human cancer
cell lines, researchers found that breast cancer spreads when three specific
cells are in direct contact: an endothelial
cell (a type of
cell that
lines the
blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type of immune
cell found near
blood vessels), and a tumor
cell that produces high levels of Mena, a protein that enhances a cancer
cell's ability to spread.
His experiments revealed the
cells that became rhabdomyosarcoma were not muscle
cells, but were immature
cells that would mature into
cells lining the inner surface of
blood vessels.
In experiments with muscle
cells from the
lining of
blood vessels, the researchers found that a sudden mechanical force flips a genetic switch in these
cells, making them more likely to contract.
In the current study, the researchers report that NOTCH1 acts like a sensor on the endothelial
cells — the
cells that
line the valve and
vessels — detecting
blood flow outside of the
cell and transmitting information to a network of genes inside the
cell.
But in at least one case, a small tumor merged with the
cells lining the faux
blood vessel.
The researchers then differentiated the iPS
cells into endothelial
cells, which
line the interior of the heart and
blood vessels, before transplantation.
To determine whether endothelial
cells — the
cells that
line the interior surface of
blood vessels — directly influence breast cancer
cell growth, they then created unique organotypic models of lung and bone marrow microvascular niches, in which endothelial
cells formed
blood vessel - like structures in culture as they would in the original organ.
In the chamber, tubes about the thickness of a human hair were
lined with endothelial
cells as in natural
blood vessels.
Using a powerful imaging technique that allowed the scientists to track the presence and movement of parasites in living tissues, the researchers found that Toxoplasma infects the brain's endothelial
cells, which
line blood vessels, reproduces inside of them, and then moves on to invade the central nervous system.
The inner
cell layer that
lines vessels, known as the endothelium, is present in all the
blood vessels of the body.
Their studies indicate that the two conditions common in sickle
cell disease, dramatically increase red
blood cells» adhesion to the
lining of
blood vessels walls and the debilitating pain crises that can result.
«Endothelial
cells make up the inner
lining of
blood vessels,» said William Durante, Ph.D., professor of medical pharmacology and physiology at the MU School of Medicine and lead author of the study.
The EMT is a biological process wherein epithelial
cells (
cells that
line the cavities and surfaces of
blood vessels and organs) become mesenchymal (skeletal) stem
cells that can move throughout the body and differentiate into a variety of
cell types.
Cardiovascular disease in these young patients develops as vulnerable
cells lining the interior of major arteries (
vessels that carry
blood away from the heart) accumulate the toxic protein and die.
The team found significant changes in gene expression after light exposure in all
cell types in the visual cortex — both neurons and, unexpectedly, nonneuronal
cells such as astrocytes, macrophages and muscle
cells that
line blood vessels in the brain.
The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, found that rod - shaped nanoparticles — or nanorods — as opposed to spherical nanoparticles, appear to adhere more effectively to the surface of endothelial
cells that
line the inside of
blood vessels.
It both promotes angiogenesis within the tumor and increased the migration of endothelial
cells, which form the inner
lining of
blood vessels.
«Up to now, the Tie2 receptor has only been known in endothelial
cells that
line the inside of
blood vessels,» Milde said.
Instead of dispensing ink, Organovo's bioprinter uses two robotic tips to deposit globs of
cells — in this case, endothelial
cells that
line blood -
vessel walls, smooth muscle
cells that regulate
vessel dilation and contraction, and structural fibroblast
cells.
Among other effects, immune
cells disrupt the function of the endothelial layer, the
lining of the
blood vessels, counteracting «all the good things that the endothelial
cells produce,» says physiologist Brett Mitchell of Texas A&M College of Medicine in College Station.
Cells lining the
blood vessels send chemical signals, called cytokines, to the tumour to help it resist DNA damage and to recover.
Much like metastasizing tumor
cells, the team found, the fibroblasts can wriggle through the
cells that
line and protect
blood vessels.
A specific lung - targeting molecule is attached to the carrier's surface and the steriod, dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory, is loaded into the nanogel, which then binds to lung endothelial
cells lining the inside wall of the
blood vessels where it rapidly delivers the drug.
In an effort to overcome these limitations, a team at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering led by its Founding Director, Donald Ingber, M.D., Ph.D., had previously engineered a microfluidic «Organ - on - a-Chip» (Organ Chip) culture device in which
cells from a human intestinal
cell line originally isolated from a tumor were cultured in one of two parallel running channels, separated by a porous matrix - coated membrane from human
blood vessel - derived endothelial
cells in the adjacent channel.
Malaria parasites grow in red
blood cells and stick to the endothelial
lining of
blood vessels through a large family of parasite proteins called PfEMP1.
His team have begun recolonising the primate scaffolds with human
cells that
line blood vessels, the first step towards human - scale biolimb development, and have started experiments using human myoblasts in rats instead of the mice ones.
That's because experiments conducted on the International Space Station involving
cells that
line the inner surfaces of
blood vessels (endothelial
cells) show that microgravity accelerates cardiovascular disease and the biological aging of these
cells.
To study this barrier and determine why a lack of
blood flow causes it to leak, the researchers built a
blood -
vessel - on - a-chip model consisting of a channel
lined with a layer of human endothelial
cells surrounded by extracellular matrix within a microfluidic device, which allowed them to easily simulate and control the flow of
blood through a
vessel and evaluate the
cells» responses.
One surprising finding from the study co-led by Johns Hopkins, Ehret says, was that many of the new sites identified were near genes that are active in
cells that
line the inside of
blood vessels, suggesting those
cells are somehow involved directly in
blood pressure control.
The researchers believe that MitoQ affects the endothelium, a thin layer of
cells that
lines our
blood vessels.
The force of that
blood flow helps keep the
cells that
line the
blood vessels, called endothelial
cells, healthy; when
blood flow is disrupted, such as during surgical procedures or a stroke, the
vessels start to leak, which can cause a host of inflammatory responses that lead to
cell damage and disease.
The transplanted stem
cells had differentiated into endothelial
cells — which form the inner
lining of a
blood vessel, providing a barrier between
blood and spinal cord tissue — and attached to capillaries in the spinal cord.
One of the studies, by Johns Hopkins University scientists in collaboration with many other groups, turned up unexpected hints that biochemical signals controlling
blood pressure may spring from within
cells that
line blood vessels themselves.
This environment includes endothelial
cells (the
cells lining the inside of
blood vessels) and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which provide structural support and signaling to surrounding
cells.