The optimum level of
CO2 for plant growth is about 5 times higher, 2000 ppm, yet the alarmists warn it is already too high.
Not exact matches
Part of the problem is that the benefits of better
plant growth, thanks to higher carbon dioxide concentrations (
plants use
CO2 for photosynthesis) are more than offset by the impact of higher temperatures and differing precipitation.
That said, whereas
CO2 emissions from coal - fired power
plants in the U.S. have declined, greenhouse gas emissions from oil sands have doubled since the turn of the century and look set to double again by the end of this decade — the primary source of emissions
growth for the entire country of Canada.
Called AmazonFACE (Free - Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment), it's based on a simple idea:
For 12 years, researchers will spray pure
CO2 into instrumented plots in the rainforest northwest of Manaus, Brazil, raising ambient concentrations to 600 parts per million — a level the world could reach as early as 2050 — all the while taking meticulous measurements to determine how the gas affects the
growth of
plants.
But Packham was not quite so productive: he failed to breathe out enough
CO2 for optimal
plant growth, so extra had to be pumped in.
«On the one hand, more
CO2 is known to be good
for plants, at least in the short - term because this drives up photosynthesis and
plant growth including crop
growth and food production.
What's more, even if
plant growth does rise overall, the direct and indirect effects of higher
CO2 levels will be disastrous
for biodiversity.
However, some
plants already have mechanisms
for concentrating
CO2 in their tissues, known as C4 photosynthesis, so higher
CO2 will not boost the
growth of C4
plants.
Some climate change effects will be beneficial
for plant growth (e.g., elevated
CO2 concentrations and longer frost - free seasons), while others will be detrimental (e.g.,
plant damage due to extreme events, increased weed
growth, new or expanded pests and diseases).
If
CO2 levels are higher then
plant stomata will tend to remain open
for a * shorter * period of time since the
plant will more quickly be able to absorb the
CO2 required
for growth.
Others include the fact that many
plants have evolved a trick
for concentrating
CO2, called C4 photosynthesis, so higher levels make little difference to them, and that in the tropics very high temperatures can impede
growth.
Re # 53: First off, it is unclear whether
CO2 is the limiting factor
for plant growth (particularly now).
Schmitt and Happer say our current
CO2 levels are «low by the standards of geological and
plant evolutionary history,» they pine
for the days when «Levels were 3,000 ppm, or more,» and note that commercial greenhouse operators boost
CO2 levels to» 1,000 ppm or more to improve the
growth and quality of their
plants.»
Whatever
CO2 released by decomposing and animal waste from
plants was absorbed from the atmosphere by
plants for their
growth in the recent past.
Isolated
for 42 days in chambers of am bient and elevated
CO2 concentrations, we periodically document the
growth of cowpea
plants (Vigna unguiculata) via time - lapse photography.
In addition to the source already cited (Hincke et al. 2011), readers can check the sources below
for the increase in
plant photosynthesis and
growth, which has resulted frpm higher
CO2 concentrations.
Current evidence suggests that that the concentrations of atmospheric
CO2 predicted
for the year 2100 will have major implications
for plant physiology and
growth.
(Every newly
planted tree seedling in the tropics removes an average of 50 kilograms of
CO2 from the atmosphere each year during its
growth period of 20 — 50 years, compared with 13 kilograms of
CO2 per year
for a tree in the temperate regions.)
As
CO2 levels rise, photosynthesis flourishes &
plants take in more
CO2, sparking more
plant growth, photosynthesis &
CO2 uptake; win - win
for Gaia.
CO2 is a necessity of life itself since it makes possible green
plants, the basis
for animal life on Earth, and improves
plant growth at current atmospheric levels
These word associations help confirm my belief that humans are forgetting their most powerful
CO2 mitigator of all —
plant life, trees, forests, sea plankton and the whole web of natural
growth that includes us and asks us to work with it
for the good of everything.
Figure 2: Data show that
CO2 removed from the atmosphere by
plant growth does not compensate
for fossil fuel emissions.
The Grapes of Change will determine whether
CO2 is important or not — but it is the temperature that is decreasing — and the increase in
CO2 is maintaining the
plant growth neccessary
for our food etc..
Plants response to higher
CO2 levels result in less water utilation
for photosynthesis (esp C4) which results in large gains of leaf
growth (more
growth for same water)-- forcing evapotranspiration to increase.
Where does
plant life get find the necessary
CO2 for growth then?
Since every newly
planted tree seedling in the tropics removes an average of 50 kilograms of
CO2 from the atmosphere each year during its
growth period of 20 — 50 years, compared with 13 kilograms of
CO2 per year
for a tree in the temperate regions, much of the afforestation and reforestation opportunity is found in tropical countries.
This
plant approach seems to have some resonance with many people since it seems easy to understand that less
CO2, essential
for photosynthesis, means less
plant growth and thus less food
for animals including humans.
Speaking of which, is the current level of atmospheric
CO2 better, or worse
for plant growth and the biosphere?
Plants have many requirements for growth — CO2 is one of the easiest for plants to o
Plants have many requirements
for growth —
CO2 is one of the easiest
for plants to o
plants to obtain.
The claim that increased
CO2 promotes crop yields is misleading in that
plants may grow larger (and that
growth eventually levels out and ceases), but increased atmospheric
CO2 inhibits
plants» abilities to uptake other critical nutrients (including nitrogen and phosphorus); thus resulting in
plant nutrient deficiency and a deficiency
for organisms that consume those
plants.
Plantings and tree growth are monitored and verified by third parties, and farmer payments are front - loaded and performance - based, paid over a period of 7 to 10 years for plantings which will sequester CO2 over 25 or mo
Plantings and tree
growth are monitored and verified by third parties, and farmer payments are front - loaded and performance - based, paid over a period of 7 to 10 years
for plantings which will sequester CO2 over 25 or mo
plantings which will sequester
CO2 over 25 or more years.
A
CO2 pulse in the atmosphere will take centuries to finally return to original levels, and that is completely ignoring any potential feedbacks from other parts of the system (ie temperatures raised
for centuries could result in massve methane releases and loss of signficant low albedo ice sheets etc.) The experiments I am aware of that show improved
plant growth in elevated
CO2 levels require that all additional biological needs are amply provided
for.
CO2 enhanced
plants will need extra water both to maintain their larger
growth as well as to compensate
for greater moisture evaporation as the heat increases.
This conjecture is based on simple and appealing logic: if
plants need
CO2 for their
growth, then more of it should be better.
Scientists at Boston University have also reported a worldwide «fertilization» effect from increased carbon emissions, since
CO2 is «
plant food,» essential
for the
growth of green
plants.
Even more
for N2O production: Extra
growth of
plants under extra
CO2 produces more food
for bacteria around the roots, promoting N2O production from nitrates in the soil.
Aerial
CO2 fertilization is the reason
for the increase in
plant growth, crop yield, and presumably tree
growth for the recent past, where some trees grow at faster rates than others by increasing airborne carbon dioxide concentrations.
It entails the
planting of native species on non-farmland
for cyclical harvesting at ~ 7 to ~ 28 years of
growth, with the stumps being protected from browsers so that the large root - ball survives and supports rapid regrowth and
CO2 intake.
The key to changing minds requires convincing people that more
CO2 in the air is good news
for green
plant growth, and even if more
CO2 causes a little warming, a little warming is good news too..
For every ton of new
plant growth, only a small fraction would be released as
CO2 through decay, burning, soil or insect metabolism.
Atmospheric
CO2 is likely to increase to around 640 ppmv *, assuming — There will be no global Kyoto type climate initiatives — Human
CO2 emissions increase with human population — Global per capita human fossil fuel use increases by 30 % by 2100 (it increased by 20 % from 1970 to today)-- Population
growth is estimated to slow down sharply, with population reaching 10.5 billion by 2100 (* Note that this could be lower by around 60 ppmv if there is a concerted switch to nuclear power instead of coal
for new power
plants)
Plant producers have added
CO2 to enclosed growing environments
for 100 years to enhance
growth.
Stomata are a direct reflection of
CO2 in the air at the time of their
growth in the region of highest
CO2 namely near the ground and where it is warm enough
for plant life.
As
CO2 levels rise, photosynthesis flourishes &
plants take in more
CO2, sparking more
plant growth, photosynthesis &
CO2 uptake; a win
for Gaia.
In fact, atmospheric
CO2 levels at 400 ppm are approximately one - third the optimum required
for plant growth as commercial greenhouses demonstrate by raising levels to 1200 ppm
for increased yields.
Other researchers used historical (real - world) data
for land use, atmospheric
CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition, fertilization, ozone levels, rainfall and climate, to develop a computer model that simulates
plant growth responses
for southern US habitats from 1895 to 2007.
This absurd fixation with
CO2 as the sole driver of global warming is my main reason
for blogging; even the BBC in their bulletins now speak of too much carbon in the atmosphere hoping that listeners will not realise the link with
CO2 (the considerable benefits to
plant growth are well documented).
A dozen early experiments in different regions have shown that plankton
growth increases when iron is artificially added, but scientists have yet to show that this could lock significant amounts of
CO2 into the ocean; carbon from the
plants would have to sink to the bottom
for this to happen.