The greatest disappointment in this study was the lack of significant correlation between VIEW and the main
COPE scales of Problem - focused, Emotion - focused, and Avoidance Coping styles.
Not exact matches
Measures included the Trauma History Questionnaire, PTSD Checklist — Civilian Version, Alcohol and Drug Use History Questionnaire, Center for Epidemiological Studies — Depression
Scale, the Brief
COPE, and the Inventory
of Interpersonal
Problems.
Results: Reliability and validity
of the
scale and its four subscales, such as «stop unpleasant emotions and thoughts» (a = 0.92) «used
problem - focused
coping» (a = 0.71), Self - efficacy on diabetes
problem solving (a = 0.74) and «get support from friends and family» (a = 0.67) were approved explicitly by a psychometric analysis; these show that the
scale was slightly valid and reliable on the study setting.
Coping was measured by using the Children's Response Style Questionnaire (CRSQ), 29 the Brief
COPE, 30 and the
Coping Self - Efficacy
Scale (CSE).31 The CRSQ measures 3 types
of reactions: rumination,
problem solving, and distraction with adequate reliability (rumination α = 0.86 and 0.87;
problem solving α = 0.68 and 0.73; distraction α = 0.67 and 0.70).
The
scales of the Brief
COPE are divided into two
coping styles by summing items into the following categories:
problem - focused
coping (Religion, Acceptance, Planning, Positive reframing, Active
coping, Instrumental support, Emotional support, and Humor).
Coping skills were assessed using three subscales from the Self - Report Coping Scale (Causey and Dubow, 1992) which measured problem focused coping (e.g., «get help from a friend») and two types of emotion focused coping, avoidance internalizing (e.g., «go off by yourself») and avoidance externalizing (e.g., «get mad and throw or hit something&ra
Coping skills were assessed using three subscales from the Self - Report
Coping Scale (Causey and Dubow, 1992) which measured problem focused coping (e.g., «get help from a friend») and two types of emotion focused coping, avoidance internalizing (e.g., «go off by yourself») and avoidance externalizing (e.g., «get mad and throw or hit something&ra
Coping Scale (Causey and Dubow, 1992) which measured
problem focused
coping (e.g., «get help from a friend») and two types of emotion focused coping, avoidance internalizing (e.g., «go off by yourself») and avoidance externalizing (e.g., «get mad and throw or hit something&ra
coping (e.g., «get help from a friend») and two types
of emotion focused
coping, avoidance internalizing (e.g., «go off by yourself») and avoidance externalizing (e.g., «get mad and throw or hit something&ra
coping, avoidance internalizing (e.g., «go off by yourself») and avoidance externalizing (e.g., «get mad and throw or hit something»).
The Ways
Of Coping Questionnaire (WOC)(Folkman & Lazarus, 1988) is a 66 - item self - report questionnaire to assess coping related to a particular event to be answered on a 4 - point Likert scale (0 = does not apply / or not used, 1 = used somewhat, 2 = used quite a bit, 3 = used a great deal) with eight subscales: Confrontive Coping, Distancing, Self - Controlling, Seeking Social Support Accepting, Responsibility, Escape - Avoidance, Planful Problem Solving, and Positive Reappr
Coping Questionnaire (WOC)(Folkman & Lazarus, 1988) is a 66 - item self - report questionnaire to assess
coping related to a particular event to be answered on a 4 - point Likert scale (0 = does not apply / or not used, 1 = used somewhat, 2 = used quite a bit, 3 = used a great deal) with eight subscales: Confrontive Coping, Distancing, Self - Controlling, Seeking Social Support Accepting, Responsibility, Escape - Avoidance, Planful Problem Solving, and Positive Reappr
coping related to a particular event to be answered on a 4 - point Likert
scale (0 = does not apply / or not used, 1 = used somewhat, 2 = used quite a bit, 3 = used a great deal) with eight subscales: Confrontive
Coping, Distancing, Self - Controlling, Seeking Social Support Accepting, Responsibility, Escape - Avoidance, Planful Problem Solving, and Positive Reappr
Coping, Distancing, Self - Controlling, Seeking Social Support Accepting, Responsibility, Escape - Avoidance, Planful
Problem Solving, and Positive Reappraisal.
The Incope (Bodenmann, 2000) is a questionnaire (5 - point
scale) with 23 items (α = 0.80) developed on the basis
of the
COPE (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989) measuring the following subscales such as active
problem - solving («I attempt to tackle and solve the
problem»), positive self - verbalization («I persuade myself that I will make it»), rumination («I ruminate for a long time and keep on thinking about the occurrence»), passivity / evasion («I wait until things change on their own, even if I might be able to do something»), negative emotional expression («I express my feelings without considering what this means for others»), substance use («I consume something that calms me down (cigarettes, alcohol, sweets, tranquiliser»)(α = 0.52 to α = 0.80).
Participants were asked to indicate how much they used these strategies to
cope with
problems on 5 - point
scale ranging from «Never» to «Very Often,» with higher scores indicating more frequent use
of that
coping strategy.
Scores ≥ 10 and > 12 indicate probable depression in community and clinical samples, respectively.12, 13 Mothers rated their stress levels (1 = «no
problems or stresses» to 5 = «many
problems and stressful») and
coping (1 = «extremely well» to 5 = «not at all») on global 5 - point
scales.14 Two additional questions assessed limits on daily functioning as a result
of maternal emotional or physical health
problems (adapted from a generic health measure, the SF6).