Cancer risk ratios were exceeded by over a factor of 100 for both arsenic and dioxins.
Not exact matches
A significantly reduced
risk of breast
cancer was also found for those whose lifetime duration of lactation totaled 73 - 108 months (odds
ratio = 0.47, 95 % CI: 0.23, 0.95) and for those who breastfed for > or = 109 months (odds
ratio = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.11, 0.53).
A high waist - to - hip
ratio portends a greater
risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and even certain
cancers — for both men and women.
Adjusted relative
risk ratios (RRR) and 95 % confidence intervals for the association between prostate
cancer incidence and the scores of adherence to Western, Prudent, and Mediterranean dietary patterns in MCC - Spain study by tumor aggressiveness and extension.
In context, the
risk of death from prostate
cancer is about 3 percent, so the potential overdiagnosis
ratio is on the order of 10 or 20 to 1.
Additional
cancer risk factors were older age, receipt of hormone replacement therapy and smoking, but after controlling for these
risk factors, fat
ratio remained an independent
risk factor.
Looking in detail at specific
cancers and
risk factors the investigators determined that only lung and GI
cancers were associated with high abdominal to peripheral fat
ratios (HR: 1.68; 95 %, CI: 1.12 to 2.53; p < 0.05 and HR: 1.34; 95 %, CI: 1 to 1.8; p < 0.05, respectively).
Using a novel approach, scientists at the International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IARC - WHO) showed that three different measurements of body size, BMI, waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio all predicted similar obesity - related cancer risk in older a
Cancer (IARC - WHO) showed that three different measurements of body size, BMI, waist circumference, and waist to hip
ratio all predicted similar obesity - related
cancer risk in older a
cancer risk in older adults.
To illustrate potential mutation - specific effects on absolute
cancer risks, we used the hazard
ratio estimates to derive approximate absolute
risks and 95 % confidence intervals, based on published estimates for the overall
risks of breast and ovarian
cancer by age 70 years.26 These estimates are for illustration and do not represent absolute
risk estimates that would be required in a genetic counseling setting, as they do not account for noncancer outcomes that may influence a woman's life expectancy, the effects of family history, and nonrandom ascertainment of mutation carriers in this sample and depend on assumptions about the prevalence of different mutation classes in the population.
Odds
ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with consideration of multiple established reproductive and environmental
risk factors for breast
cancer.
The results showed that the
risk of breast
cancer increased by an odd
ratio of 3.88 in females who described using the underarm products multiple times per day starting before their 30th birthday.
Main outcomes and measures: Annual incidences, standardized incidence
ratios, and cumulative
risks of breast, ovarian, and contralateral breast
cancer.
They analyzed four types of antihypertensive drugs: beta blockers, diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), and CCBs, and used Cox proportional hazard regression models to obtain hazard
ratios for the association of the four types of medication with
risk of pancreatic
cancer.
The
ratio of Omega - 3 fats to Omega - 6 fats in your body and your diet can impact heart disease
risk,
cancer risk and more.
Aerobic exercise reduce the
risk of breast
cancer development, by changing the metabolism of estrogen in our body and increasing the
ratio of «good» (2 - hydroxyestrone) to the «bad» (16alpha - hydroxyestrone) estrogens.
An article published in «Experimental Biology and Medicine» in June 2008 found that having a much higher
ratio of omega - 6 fats to omega - 3 fats, as most Americans have, increases your
risk for asthma,
cancer, heart disease and rheumatoid arthritis.
What is the
risk - benefit
ratio of the
cancers picked up by mammograms and the
cancers caused by mammograms?
Increasing the omega - 6 to omega - 3
ratio is another potent way to increase your
risk of
cancer cell proliferation.
Prostate
cancer hormonal
risk factors (e.g., in men, the 2:16 α
ratio, the Testosterone: Estrogen
ratio [low T: E suggests insulin resistance which correlates with increased
risk for prostate
cancer]-RRB-
A 2 / 16α
Ratio of < 2 indicates increased
risk for prostate and laryngeal
cancer.
(1) The 2 / 16α
ratio: a decrease in this
ratio of the estrone metabolites, 2 - hydroxyestrone and 16α - hydroxyestrone, is associated with an increased
risk of breast and cervical
cancer.
2 / 16α
ratio: The
ratio of 2 - hydroxyestrone (2 - OH E1) to 16α - hydroxyestrone (16α - OH E1) is an indicator of an individual's
risk of developing breast or prostate
cancer.
216 Hydroxyestrone
ratio tells you about your
cancer risk for breast
cancer, and prostate
cancer, so it gets really complicated.
2 / 16α
ratio: The
ratio of 2 - hydroxyestrone (2 - OH E1) to 16α - hydroxyestrone (16α - OH E1) is one indicator of a man's
risk of developing prostate
cancer.
The scientists were even able to calculate the dose / benefit
ratio for carrots and
cancer prevention: for every 10 grams per day of carrot consumption, the
risk of prostate
cancer was reduced by 5 percent.
If you don't lower your omega - 6 fats to acceptable levels, your omega 6:3
ratio will not be low enough, and you will not be likely receive the full benefits of omega - 3 fats such as reduced
risk of heart disease,
cancer, stroke, Alzheimer's, arthritis and many other degenerative illnesses.
Every five - unit increase in body mass index — BMI, a
ratio of weight to height — causes a 23 percent increased
risk of
cancer in the upper stomach.
An ELISA method for measuring 2 - and 16 - alpha - hydroxylated estrogen (OHE) metabolites in urine is available and the
ratio of urinary 2 - OHE / 16 - alpha - OHE (2 / 16 - alpha
ratio) is a useful biomarker for estrogen - related
cancer risk.
This unhealthy
ratio, to which commercial mayonnaise and other processed foods contribute, increases your
risk of developing heart diseases, some
cancers, Type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis, as well as inflammatory and autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Estrogen metabolism and
risk of breast
cancer: a prospective study of the 2:16 alpha - hydroxy - estrone
ratio in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Ratios of estrogen metabolites (16 - OH / 2 -0 H estrone) can also be checked to identify an increased
risk of breast and other
cancers.
«Between the two extremes (high - vegetable, low - meat diet [s] versus high - meat, low - vegetable diet [s]-RRB-, a
risk ratio of about 8 appears to exist, sufficient... to explain a substantial part of [that] international variation in the incidence of colorectal
cancer.»
Coffee consumption was also shown to be associated with increased
ratio of plasma 2 - hydroxyestrone to 16 - alphahydroxyestrone, a predictor of lower breast
cancer risk [81].
Conventional
cancer treatments like radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy may destroy the
cancer, but there's a trade - off in side effects; the
risk - benefit
ratio must be considered.