Not exact matches
I guess I am surprised that with better understanding of the importance of water vapor feedback, sulfate
aerosols, black
carbon aerosols, more rapid than expected declines in sea ice and attendant decreases in albedo, effects of the
deposition of soot and dust on snow and ice decreasing albedo, and a recognition of the importance of GHGs that were probably not considered 30 years ago, that the sensitivity has changed so little over time.
I guess I am surprised that with better understanding of the importance of water vapor feedback, sulfate
aerosols, black
carbon aerosols, more rapid than expected declines in sea ice and attendant decreases in albedo, effects of the
deposition of soot and dust on snow and ice decreasing albedo, and a recognition of the importance of GHGs that were probably not considered 30 years ago, that the sensitivity has changed so little over time.
Over even longer time scales (hundreds of years) there are a number of paleo - records that correlate with records of cosmogenic isotopes (particularly 10Be and 14C), however, these records are somewhat modulated by climate processes themselves (the
carbon cycle in the case of 14C,
aerosol deposition and transport processes for 10Be) and so don't offer an absolutely clean attribution.
These forcings are spatially heterogeneous and include the effect of
aerosols on clouds and associated precipitation [e.g., Rosenfeld et al., 2008], the influence of
aerosol deposition (e.g., black
carbon (soot)[Flanner et al. 2007] and reactive nitrogen [Galloway et al., 2004]-RRB-, and the role of changes in land use / land cover [e.g., Takata et al., 2009].
These human forcings include greenhouse gas emissions (e.g. CO2, methane, CFCs),
aerosol emissions and
deposition [e.g., black
carbon (soot), sulfates, and reactive nitrogen], and changes in land use and land cover.