Sentences with phrase «cell enzyme uses»

T - Cell Enzyme Uses Deadly Multipronged Attack on Bacteria — GEN News Paper: Granzyme B Disrupts Central Metabolism and Protein Synthesis in Bacteria to Promote an Immune Cell Death Program — Farokh Dotiwala — Cell

Not exact matches

A research group at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center used human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to grow human stomach tissue (paywall)-- and, notably, the part of the organ that produces digestive enzymes.

What about some 2,000 proteins that are used by a human cell as enzymes?

Within a cell are some 2,000 proteins that are used as enzymes.

It activates enzymes responsible for the production of neurotransmitters — chemicals your brain cells use to relay information.

The researchers used a drug called clorgyline to inhibit the activity of the MAOA enzyme; the drug disrupted the signaling system that led to cancer cell invasion and proliferation.

TruePrime LB addresses current liquid biopsy sensitivity and specificity issues by using adapted amplification of cancer - specific, large - fragment, cell - free DNA based on primer - free technology that combines the enzymes TthPrimPol and Phi29 DNA polymerase.

Nanog and Sox2 are among the enzymes used by researchers to generate iPSCs, therefore ZFP217 may represent another tool needed to achieve tight control over cell reprogramming.

Fischetti and his colleagues used a phage - encoded molecule to identify a bacterial target enzyme called 2 - epimerase, which is used by Bacillus anthracis to synthesize an essential cell wall structure.

Plays an important role in the structure of the skeleton and muscles; also found in molecules that help enzymes use ATP to supply energy for chemical reactions in cells.

Lu's team will extract immune cells called T cells from the blood of the enrolled patients, and then use CRISPR — Cas9 technology — which pairs a molecular guide able to identify specific genetic sequences on a chromosome with an enzyme that can snip the chromosome at that spot — to knock out a gene in the cells.

Using the new gene - editing enzyme CRISPR - Cpf1, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have successfully corrected Duchenne muscular dystrophy in human cells and mice in the lab.

The enzyme was tested in three different cell lineages: leukemia cells incapable of producing asparagine at normal levels (MOLT4); another line of leukemia cells, in this case capable of producing asparagine at normal levels (REH); and non-malignant cells, used as a control (HUVECs).

Using the same computer - based approach, the team has now been able to target the c - FLIP (cellular FLICE [FADD - like IL - 1β - converting enzyme]- inhibitory) protein, known to play a key role in cancer stem cell maintenance and survival, described in previously published work by the Institute.

Microbes living in oxygen - rich environments use enzymes floating free inside their cells to digest such plant matter.

His laboratory discovered that some of the same RNA that is inside human cells are also present in saliva and can be used to detect diseases — a surprising finding, he said, because enzymes in saliva can degrade RNA, making the mouth «a hostile environment.»

The viruses also exploit an enzyme that cells use to destroy RNA to instead produce short stretches of RNA that, among other things, may help the virus avoid the immune system of its host.

After just a single dose, rat intestinal cells pumped out bacterial lactase for up to 6 months — showing that the gut cells had inserted the gene into their DNA and were using it to manufacture the enzyme.

«The model we are proposing is one wherein colon cancer cells release an enzyme outside the cell, where it attaches a high - energy phosphate to the metabolite creatine, and then imports this energetic metabolite into the cell to be used as energy,» Tavazoie says.

Before now, a lot of this epigenetic research had been done in yeast — single cell organisms that also use enzymes to lay chemical tags on histone proteins.

In the current study, Yu - Shang Lee, PhD, of the Cleveland Clinic, together with Jerry Silver, PhD, of Case Western Reserve Medical School, and others, used a chemical that promotes cell growth along with a scar - busting enzyme to create a more hospitable environment for the nerve graft at the injury site.

Insulin is an enzyme that helps transport sugars from the blood into cells for use as fuel.

That statement is misleading because the only «appropriate conditions» known to do this occur in actual living cells, and they use protein enzymes — which are not applicable to the origin of life — to do so.

The new study shows that the synthetic compound is capable of inhibiting the activities of several DNA - processing enzymes, including the «integrase» used by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to insert its genome into that of its host cell.

«Our data provide hints that you might not need to use a broad spectrum antimicrobial and might be able to target the enzyme or cell wall of the fungi to disrupt the plaque biofilm formation.»

For instance, researchers used virtual screening to identify compounds that target the gene for PFKFB3, an enzyme that helps regulate the metabolism of cancer cells.

After using the enzyme to cause rod cell death in the fish, the researchers added the anti-inflammatory drug to the water to reduce microglia reactivity.

Ali found that breast cancer cells that have high levels of RYBP are more sensitive to DNA damage after radiation or drug treatment, including PARP inhibitors (inhibitors of the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase used in cancer treatment).

CRISPR is an enzyme that scientists have been able to «program» using targeting RNA in order to cut DNA at precise locations that the cell then repairs on its own.

The researchers used a technique called activity - based protein profiling, which allowed them to screen the molecule's activity against a very large group of enzymes in living human cells.

Techniques were used to measure the activities of the key enzymes within mitochondria that are involved in producing the skin cell's energy, a type of mitochondrial gym or skin physical.

Another challenge was to adapt the analysis techniques used for the cell molecules — for measuring enzyme activity, for example — to the minute measurement volumes.

In clinical trials already underway, for example, researchers have used an older gene - editing technique, enzymes call zinc finger nucleases, in immune cells to deactivate the gene for CCR5, a surface protein that HIV latches onto in order to infect cells.

Using enzymes extracted from Escherichia coli bacteria, her team built an enzymatic fuel cell two years ago that runs on ethanol and can be attached directly to a circuit.

The team realized that, just like the Cas9 family, Cas13d enzymes originating from different bacterial species would vary in their activity, so they ran a screen to identify the best version for use in human cells.

«Scientists used to think that these fungi would make holes in the cell wall that would let in the big enzymes,» he notes, a sort of pretreatment model.

In experiments using enzyme inhibitors, the possibility that cinnamtannin B - 1 enhanced mobilization through the use of activation of enzymes such as PI3 kinase near the cell membrane was shown.

«The nanoparticle mimics the behavior of NADPH oxidase, an enzyme used by immune cells to kill tumor cells and infectious agents.

Unfortunately, the enzymes used in past glucose biofuel cells were not suitable for implants, because they either required highly acidic conditions to work or were inhibited by a variety of ions found in the body.

Currently, the experimental 2BP compound inhibits any enzyme that uses palmitate as a substrate, making it toxic to most cells.

The team showed how they could flip the direction of this promoter using bacteriophage enzymes, whose levels inside the cells they controlled using chemicals.

By using a small molecule called 2 - bromo - palmitate (2BP) that inhibits these palmitate - adding enzymes, the researchers surmise that cancer patients might be able to one day make their cells more sensitive to cancer - fighting EGFR inhibitors.

The Salk and TSRI scientists used a range of neuro - genetic, gene therapy, biochemical and structural biology research techniques to discover that the mutant GlyRS enzyme blocked molecular signals important for maintaining the health of motor neurons, the cells that carry messages from the brain to the muscles of the extremities.

The researchers removed immune cells from the recipient's blood and then disabled a gene in them using CRISPR — Cas9, which combines a DNA - cutting enzyme with a molecular guide that can be programmed to tell the enzyme precisely where to cut.

«While ciclopirox and deferiprone were developed for unrelated uses, Hartmut's knowledge of enzymes and pharmacology suggested that both drugs could influence some of the most basic processes that occur within human cells,» he says.

«Blood cancers develop when immune cell DNA editing hits off - target spots: Team urges consideration of cutting - and - pasting errors when using enzymes for gene modification.»

The two most widely used drugs to treat colorectal cancer act to either inhibit enzyme activity of cancer cells or arrest tumor cell growth.

In studies in the laboratory, researchers from Baylor and the University of Geneva found that sentinel cells in the multi-cellular social amoeba slug use a form of toll - like receptor (that recognizes molecules from the microbes), as well as an enzyme called NADPH oxidase, in order to form these extracellular nets.

An enzyme used by viruses to break cell walls beats back bacteria that cause ear infections, pneumonia

The cell envelops the foreign body and exterminates it specifically by using reactive oxygen species (ozone, hydrogen peroxide, bleach), generated thanks to the enzyme NOX2.