Cell reprogramming involves making one cell type into another.
Not exact matches
Bellicum is among the flurry of biotechs investing heavily into
cell therapies such as experimental chimeric antigen receptor T -
cell (CAR - T) treatments for cancer (this is the next - gen treatment that
involves reprogramming immune
cells to become cancer killers and has shown promise in blood cancers, which Bellicum specializes in).
It also should relieve the worries of the scholars
involved with the journal Communio ¯ the use of oocytes in epigenetic
reprogramming was one of the major reasons they feared the resulting
cell was a disabled embryo.
Reprogramming involves inducing the expression of four factors, called Yamanaka factors, in
cells.
There are now other methods to make stem
cells, but those made via SCNT have unique value because they are genetic copies of the living person who donated the skin
cells (other methods either use foreign
cells or
involve genetic
reprogramming).
The scientists found that if they replaced MYC with LIN41 in the cocktail of genes
involved in
reprogramming — meaning if they used O, S, K and LIN41 — they could convert adult
cells into iPSCs with the same efficiency.
«By identifying the areas of the genome that are directly
involved in the
reprogramming, we have also identified an important factor in the process — the gene regulatory protein KLF11 (Kruppel Like Factor - 11), which is found in all fat
cells, and we have shown that it is required for the
reprogramming to take place.»
The disease model, described in a new study by a UC San Francisco - led team,
involves taking skin
cells from patients with the bone disease,
reprogramming them in a lab dish to their embryonic state, and deriving stem
cells from them.
'' (T) he immune response
involves reprogramming the entire
cell and also often the entire plant,» Cann said.»
«Use of induced pluripotent stem
cell (iPSC) technology» — which
involves taking skin
cells from patients and
reprogramming them into embryonic - like stem
cells capable of turning into other specific
cell types relevant for studying a particular disease — «makes it possible to model dementias that affect people later in life,» says senior study author Catherine Verfaillie of KU Leuven.
This means that
reprogramming process begins, there is no longer any room for chance; the genes
involved are ready to be activated and enable the successful
reprogramming of all the
cells.
To overcome these limitations, Mooney's lab has been experimenting with a newer approach that
involves reprogramming immune
cells from inside the body using implantable biomaterials.
Scientists use OCT4 protein to
reprogram adult
cells into embryonic - like
cells, an indication that it is
involved in early development (SN: 11/24/07, p. 323).
Three teams of scientists reported earlier this year that they had directly
reprogrammed adult mouse skin
cells into embryonic
cells, although the process
involved viruses and cancer - causing genes.
In the new research, Prins and Liau used a technique called adoptive
cell transfer, which involves extracting and growing immune cells outside of the body, then reprogramming them with a gene known as New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO
cell transfer, which
involves extracting and growing immune
cells outside of the body, then
reprogramming them with a gene known as New York Esophageal Squamous
Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO
Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO - 1.
Japanese researchers report promising results from an experimental therapy for Parkinson's disease that
involves implanting neurons made from «
reprogrammed» stem
cells into the brain.
«The idea of
reprogramming a
cell from your body to become anything your body needs is very exciting,» said Longaker, who emphasized that the work
involved not just a collaboration between his lab and Wu's, but also between the two Stanford institutes.
The approach
involves reprogramming skin
cells into pluripotent stem
cells, or
cells that can give rise to any other fetal or adult
cell type, and then inducing them to differentiate, or transform, into
cells that perform a particular function — in this case, secreting insulin.
«Nuclear transfer
involves the
reprogramming of adult, differentiated
cells and persuading them to act like early - embryo
cells,» said Dr Griffin.
«If you're getting
cells from these older donors, these seed
cells that you use for
reprogramming already have some accumulation of mutation load, and so that is actually very important evidence, especially when they are looking at the potential functions of these mutations,» University of California, San Diego, bioengineer Kun Zhang, who was not
involved in the study, told The Scientist.
However, direct cellular
reprogramming that does not
involve a stem
cell state solves some of the safety concerns surrounding the use of stem
cells.
Before
reprogramming can be applied to our own species to generate custom embryonic stem
cells, scientists must be able to accomplish it without altering the DNA of the
cells involved.
It only covers methods that
involve introducing one or more
reprogramming genes into an adult
cell that has been genetically engineered to carry another pluripotency gene in its genome.
Researchers from the Morgridge Institute for Research and the Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI) in Australia have devised a way to dramatically cut the time
involved in
reprogramming and genetically correcting stem
cells, an important step to making future therapies possible.
The second strategy
involves recruiting other retinal
cells for
reprogramming into RGCs.