Sentences with phrase «cell vaccine responses»

«IL - 28B is a key regulator of B - and T - Cell vaccine responses against influenza» by Adrian Egli et al. published in PLOS Pathogens on Thursday 11 December 2014.

Not exact matches

To fend off HIV, researchers introduced one vaccine (ALVAC) to induce a T cell response — thereby alerting the immune system — and another (AIDSVAX) later to spur an antibody response.

«Similarly, triggering extra production of particular dendritic cells could improve the immune response to infections or vaccines.

But he added, «We need to improve the memory responses of T and B cells to make longer - lasting vaccines.»

Davis will use his findings to figure out a way to match specific immune cells to vaccine response.

Essentially, he's looking for immune cells with barcodes that proliferate in individuals with a good response, as opposed to those in whom the vaccine is ineffective.

It is the stuff of dreams for flu scientists, but it could be within reach if a new type of vaccine that elicits an immune response from white blood cells is combined with traditional vaccines.

The personalized vaccine is made from patients» own immune cells, which are exposed in the laboratory to the contents of the patients» tumor cells, and then injected into the patients to initiate a wider immune response.

The vaccine also induced a sharp rise in CD4 T - cells, whose job is to mobilize the antibody response and other immune elements against viral infections.

Crotty says the ability to measure Tfh cells in the blood will assist AIDS vaccine researchers by serving as an indicator of antibody response.

«We've shown that a specific type of these cells, known as follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are not only necessary, but are a limiting factor that differentiates between an average and a potent antibody response to HIV,» says Crotty, a scientific collaborator with the Center for HIV / AIDS Vaccine Immunology & Immunogen Discovery (CHAVI - ID), a major research consortium led by The Scripps Research Institute.

La Jolla Institute scientist Shane Crotty, Ph.D., a respected vaccine researcher and member of one of the nation's top AIDS vaccine consortiums, showed that certain helper T cells are important for triggering a strong antibody response against HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

In particular, the researchers must ensure that their vaccine does not result in an autoimmune response to cells that produce ghrelin, which could trigger severe swelling and inflammation.

To fend off HIV, researchers introduced one vaccine (ALVAC - HIV) to induce a T cell response — thereby alerting the immune system — and another (AIDSVAX B / E) later to spur an antibody response.

And the key to vaccine success is that, afterward, the immune system starts to create fast - response infection fighters called memory cells that will circulate throughout the body and be able to recognize (and fend off) that same pathogen in the future.

Significantly, the vaccines were able to stimulate both arms of the immune system — a T cell response and an antibody response.

In theory, the ideal vaccine might mimic both antibody and T cell responses to block an infectious disease.

But in truth, most (26 of 28 vaccines currently licensed for human use) stimulate primarily a B - cell or antibody response, which in many cases is sufficient.

«Additionally, this provides evidence needed to begin investigating a vaccine in human cancer clinical trials to determine whether genetically modified tumor cells producing IL - 15 and IL - 15Rα may induce anti-cancer responses.»

«Our new work suggests that vaccines targeting either virus could be engineered to induce both T cell and antibody responses effective to protect people in these areas.»

Cincinnati Cancer Center (CCC) and UC Cancer Institute researchers have found that a vaccine, targeting tumors that produce a certain protein and receptor responsible for communication between cells and the body's immune system, could initiate the immune response to fight cancer.

The vaccine generated a pool of TH1 CD4 + T cells (also called helper T cells) that are necessary for an effective antibody response as well as a stable pool of CD8 + T memory cells.

T cells and B cells reside there, and that's where you need to get the vaccine to get an immune response.

Analyses of RV144 volunteers revealed that particular vaccine - induced immune responses, including production of certain antiviral antibodies and CD4 + T cell responses to HIV's outer shell, or envelope, correlate with reduced HIV infection.

«The idea basically is that a vaccine should induce antibodies T cells immune response, that would neutralise HIV in all of its forms,» explains Ulrich Fruth, vaccine development and evaluation team leader at the World Health Organisation, in Geneva, Switzerland.

«Vaccine used to treat cervical precancers triggers immune cell response.»

The influenza specific T - follicular helper cell response varied based on trimester of pregnancy in which the vaccine was given.

What's more, IL - 33 and the DNA vaccine augmented immunological responses in both CD4 helper T cells and CD8 killer T cells, with a large proportion of CD8 killer T cells demonstrating a further improvement in the ability of DNA vaccines to drive the immune system to kill tumor cells in animals.

Vaccine immunology is poorly understood in pregnancy and Tfh cell expansion has been shown to be a predictor of response to influenza vaccination outside of pregnancy.

«The development of DNA - based vaccines with cytokine adjuvants has emerged as particularly promising for inducing antiviral and anti-tumor, cell - mediated immune responses.»

The investigators also said the vaccine did not have the unwanted consequence of altering the number of T - regulatory cells, which suppress immune system responses.

The team showed that IL - 33 can further enhance the response of memory T cells, the long - lived cells that can patrol and protect the body from infections and cancers, when given with a DNA vaccine compared to a vaccine without IL - 33.

But Nabel noticed that this modified adenovirus alone stimulated rapid antibody production, and even produced a T - cell response, although at a lower level than the DNA vaccine.

The new technique, pioneered by Wilson and fellow researchers at the Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, saves time by using antibodies produced by so - called B cells (white blood cells that produce and then ferry them to infection sites to battle invading germs) in response to vaccines instead of to actual infections.

Instead of stirring up powerful T cells through an injected amyloid vaccine, they used a nasal spray containing two drugs that provoke a less robust but more manageable immune response.

When injected into mice that were then given a subsequent injection of lymphoma cells, the 3D vaccine generated a potent immune response and delayed tumor growth.

While this approach has had some clinical success, in most cases, the immune response resulting from dendritic cell vaccines is short - lived and not robust enough to keep tumors at bay over the long run.

And when they pre-treated immune cells from vaccinated major allele carriers with a molecule that inhibits the receptor that is normally stimulated by IL - 28B, they saw a stronger antibody response after the cells were stimulated with influenza vaccine.

The vaccine sets off an immune response using a piece of a protein, called PR1 peptide, found on the surface of leukemia cells.

For this, a vaccine response more rapid than the spread of the virus and one that can stop damage to the cells is sufficient.

«While the prevailing wisdom would suggest that vaccines that make really strong CD4 T cell responses would, in their helper capacity, strengthen the responses of both antibodies and CD8 T cells, we often see that vaccines and viral infections seem to generate fewer CD4 responses than they do CD8 responses,» says Penaloza - MacMaster.

Up until now, efforts in generating a vaccine against TB have been mainly focused on T cells (cells from the adaptive arm of our immune response with memory capacity), with very disappointing outcomes in both pre-clinical as well as clinical trials.

The vaccine is unique to the individual participant and is engineered to trigger an immune system response to kill tumor cells that may remain following surgery.

Significant advances also have been made in understanding T - cell responses that may be important to vaccine - induced immunity against HIV.

It included a 1994 report from the Institute of Medicine that said it was biologically plausible for a vaccine to «induce... an autoimmune response... by nonspecific activation of the T cells directed against myelin proteins.»

The researchers found that the personal vaccine induced a focused T cell response against several tumor neoantigens, beyond what is normally seen in response to existing immunotherapies.

Cancer vaccines, engineered to continue to train T cells to mount a strong immune response against your cancer, also haven't been very effective at mounting a strong fight, says He, and likely one weak point is the lack of strong receptors.

Most importantly, many of the T cells were able to recognize the tumor cells directly, demonstrating that the vaccine had triggered a tumor - specific immune response that could target the patient's tumor.

The vaccine was aimed at generating responses to the neoantigens from T cells of two kinds — CD8 + killer cells and CD4 + helper cells.

A personal cancer treatment vaccine that targets distinctive «neoantigens» on tumor cells has been shown to stimulate a potent, safe, and highly specific immune anti-tumor response in melanoma patients, report scientists from Dana - Farber Cancer Institute and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard.