Sentences with phrase «cells and gene regulation»

Currently, there is no cure to stop or reverse any form of muscle - wasting disorders — only medication and therapy that can slow the process,» said Vittorio Sartorelli, M.D., chief of the Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation and deputy scientific director at the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS).

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The genes we detect are involved in the regulation of cell development, and are specifically important in synapse formation, axon guidance and neuronal differentiation.

This system plays a major role in the regulation of gene activity, and enables the selective expression of different functions in differentiated cell types.

After having conducted a large - scale study performed on cells from the umbilical cords of 204 newborns, the researchers from UNIGE demonstrate that DNA methylation may play both a passive and active role in gene regulation.

The newly unmasked genes play a role in three distinctively different bodily functions, including systems that control inflammation and cholesterol and the regulation of how brain cells clean up toxic proteins.

Experiments in cells with an inactivated form of Argonaute — which contributes only to the antiviral and not the gene regulation activity of RNAi — confirmed that they were observing an antiviral RNAi response.

In the absence of any international body that would be an obvious fit to enforce international regulations on gene editing there are historical precedents — like stem cell research — for providing guidance and then leaving the specifics up to regional authorities.

The researchers isolated the milk ducts and purified the breast - tissue cells to create a cell culture, which was then tested for different gene regulation profiles.

Weaving together perspectives from the fields of gene regulation and chromatin, Turner offers a concise discussion of the relations between the packing and organization of DNA within the cell nucleus and the regulation and expression of genes.

Dr. Ella Evron and Dr. Ayelet Avraham of the TAU - affiliated Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, together with Prof. Saraswati Sukumar of Johns Hopkins, have found that «gene regulation,» the process that shuts off certain parts of a cell's DNA code or blueprint in healthy breast tissue cells, may also play a critical role in the development of breast cancer.

More importantly, Choudhury and colleagues found that DAZAP1 directly links the regulation of gene splicing with the MAP kinase pathway — a key signaling pathway that controls cell proliferation.

It now appears that the clocks and clock - related genes — some 20 such genes have been identified — affect virtually all of the cells» metabolic pathways, from blood sugar regulation to cholesterol production.

Thorough study of changes in the gene activity regulation mechanism showed that reprogrammed and embryonic stem cells are similar.

Although the biological mechanisms through which this polymorphism could affect aging are not known, it is adjacent to two genes called CDKN2A and CDKN2B, which play an important role in cell cycle regulation.

She leads a multidisciplinary team integrating computational and experimental approaches to develop an understanding of gene regulation in immune cells.

Animals need these as essential nutrients for a wide range of basic bodily chores, such as gene regulation, cell signaling and amino acid breakdown.

CNIO researchers have now discovered how the MCRS1 protein — a protein associated with gene regulation and cell death processes — is capable of activating mTOR, and thus, stimulate cell proliferation.

The 28 groups that will eventually make up the CRG will be organised around five main programmes — Gene Regulation, Development and Cell Biology, Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Genes and Diseases, and Bioinformatics and Genomics — each of which will be headed by a senior scientist leading his or her own group.

Among the areas where the researchers have seen intriguing dissimilarities between humans and gorillas are in genes associated with sensory perception, keratin (a skin protein) production, insulin regulation, immunity, reproduction and cell signaling.

Hypermethylation of DNA is a key epigenetic mechanism for the silencing of many genes, including those for cell cycle regulation, receptors, DNA repair, and apoptosis (5, 6, 7, 8).

Asst Prof Li, from the Neural Stem Cells Laboratory at NNI, added, «This important study suggests a link between a key neurological disease gene and regulation of microRNAs in the brain.

One is straightforward — during development, cells are assuming their identities and need precise control over protein production, so cells lacking a gene expression regulation mechanism are bound to have defects, particularly in the case of specialized cells like neurons.

Transcription factors orchestrate dynamic interplay between genome topology and gene regulation during cell reprogramming.

Differential regulation of the a (2) b (1) and a (IIb) b (3) integrin genes during megakaryocytic differentiation of pluripotent K562 leukemia cells.

This work is one basis for the use in the scientific community of transgenes as a major technique to study gene regulation in normal and malignant cells.

A dynamic assembly of diverse transcription factors integrates activation and cell - type information for interleukin 2 gene regulation.

With only a single gene and a toolbox of forward and reverse genetic approaches at hand, C. elegans offers an opportunity to explore the exact role of perlipin - related factors in fat regulation throughout development of many different somatic and germline cells.

Our technological expertise ranges from the most fundamental approaches to study membrane transport in lymphocytes and dendritic cells (subcellular compartmentalization, intravital microscopy, phagosomal functions), the systematic analysis of gene expression and it regulation (RNAseq, Chip Seq, proteomics) and physiological and pathological immune responses (mouse models for cancer immunity, immunomodulation / vaccination, human clinical studies in cancer).

Among the total gene transcripts that were differentially expressed during daytime six biological processes were found: Wnt signaling pathway, cell junction organization, SMAD binding, regulation of cell morphogenesis, TGF - β signaling pathway, and amino acid synthesis (Fig. 4A).

His lab is interested in the regulation of gene expression by mRNA processing in C. elegans and human cells.

We identified and characterized a novel member of the forkhead gene family that is essential for proper regulation of satellite cells.

April 2012 - New research: Illuminating embryonic stem cells Collaboration between two EU funded projects «Heroic» and «EuroSyStem», has provided new insights into embryonic stem cells The teams used next generation sequencing technology to examine two key properties of the cells that influence their identity and behaviour: gene expression and gene regulation.

In studying the regulation of gene dosage, his lab described the first known biological role of a microRNA in the mammalian system, ultimately revealing a network of microRNAs that titrate the dose of key cardiac gene networks that dictate cell fate and differentiation.

MEK kinase 1 gene disruption alters cell migration and c - Jun NH2 - terminal kinase regulation but does not cause a measurable defect in NF - $ ąppa $ B activation.

Shorter patient survival was generally associated with up - regulation of genes involved in mitosis and cell growth, and down - regulation of genes involved in cellular differentiation.

The work has led him to explore the role of protein phosphorylation in a diverse array of cellular functions, including transformation, cell communication, cell adhesion, cell - cycle regulation, the control of gene expression, and protein degradation.

Effect of 17β - estradiol and flavonoids on the regulation of expression of newly identified estrogen responsive genes in a rat raphe nuclei - derived cell line.

Because DDX3 exhibits tumor suppressor functions, such as a growth - suppressive property and transcriptional activation of the p21waf1 / cip1 promoter, and is inactivated through down - regulation of gene expression or alteration of subcellular localization in tumor cells, all these features together suggest that DDX3 might be a candidate tumor suppressor.

Several functions vary among the members of this group of bacteria, such as metabolism of nitrogen, respiration, cell wall and capsule, stress response, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, regulation and cell signaling; this variation in gene functions could help us understand the ability of colonization and adaptability of these rhizosphere - colonizing bacteria.

cell types may have evolved through cooption of temporal gene regulation in an ancestor whose different phases were converted into germ - and soma - specific expression programs.

The answers they have discovered so far reveal critical information about gene regulation; specifically, that cells are used to record the positional identity in human tissues, and that the «perturbation,» the disturbance, of such programs plays a major role in cancer progression, especially in metastasis, whereby cancer cells spread to other parts of the body.

Three Scientific Programs provide focus in Gene Regulation & Cell Proliferation, Signal Transduction, and Cancer Genetics.

These results suggest that V. carteri cell types may have evolved through cooption of temporal gene regulation in an ancestor whose different phases were converted into germ - and soma - specific expression programs.

Eukaryotic cells produce diverse types of protein - coding and noncoding RNAs, some of which have a direct role in the regulation of gene expression.

The Sarma laboratory is interested in the mechanisms of epigenetic gene regulation, or how the dynamic modifications of the architecture of chromatin, the complex of DNA and proteins within the nucleus of our cells, impacts gene expression and cellular function.

Research Focus: I dedicate my time and effort to develop high - throughput sequencing technologies such as single cell transcriptomic, ChIP - Seq, ChIA - PET, and many more... The scientific rational is to understand better and with a different angle, the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of gene expression in (rare) immune cells, pathologically relevant in many diseases such as asthma, SLE, tuberculosis...

We have a longstanding interest in understanding gene expression regulation, and in our wetlab at the Sanger Institute use mouse T helper cells as a model of cell differentiation.

The range of subjects includes, but is not limited to, immune cell development and senescence, signal transduction, gene regulation, innate and adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, infectious disease, allergy and asthma, transplantation, and tumor immunology.

In a paper published in Nature Genetics, an interdisciplinary research team of scientists from the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)-- including a Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG - CRG) group — in Barcelona, Spain, shows that the three - dimensional organisation of the genome plays a key role in gene expression and consequently in determining cell fate.

Examples of these include cell proliferation, intracellular targeting, cell polarity, membrane traffic, cell migration, stem cell biology, chromatin regulation and function, differentiation, morphogenesis and biomechanics, and regeneration and cellular homeostasis, as well as developmental roles of genes, cellular structural dynamics, and signaling pathways.