While Wells screened
the Central Asian Y chromosomes for single - nucleotide mutations such as M45, Zerjal searched for a different DNA variable called a microsatellite.
Not exact matches
That's why a particular pattern of microsatellites can profile a particular individual — to show, for instance, as Tyler - Smith and Zerjal had done shortly before embarking on their
Central Asian work, that Thomas Jefferson had fathered a son by his slave Sally Hemings and that his
Y chromosome had been passed down to a man living in Pennsylvania today.
During the Mesolithic and Neolithic epochs, Q3 remained a minor component of the West
Asian Y - chromosome pool and gave rise to five branches (Q3a to Q3e), which spread across West,
Central and parts of South Asia.
A2b appears to have split a few times in succession, which means that some of the
Central Asian male ancestors of this lineage went their separate ways before their respective
Y chromosomes made their rounds.