Sentences with phrase «climate change the albedo»

5 (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 Albedo and Climate, Making Predictions About Climate Change The albedo at Earth's surface affects the amount of solar radiation that region receives.

Not exact matches

Scripps graduate student Kristina Pistone and climate scientists Ian Eisenman and Veerabhadran Ramanathan used satellite measurements to calculate Arctic albedo changes associated with the changing sea ice cover.

Whilst several methods for counteracting climate change with geoengineering are considered feasible, injecting sulfates or other fine aerosols into the stratosphere, thereby increasing planetary albedo, is a leading contender.

Hall, A. & Qu, X. Using the current seasonal cycle to constrain the snow albedo feedback in future climate change.

Model performance in reproducing the observed seasonal cycle of land snow cover may provide an indirect evaluation of the simulated snow - albedo feedback under climate change.

The measured energy imbalance accounts for all natural and human - made climate forcings, including changes of atmospheric aerosols and Earth's surface albedo.

Slow insolation changes initiated the climate oscillations, but the mechanisms that caused the climate changes to be so large were two powerful amplifying feedbacks: the planet's surface albedo (its reflectivity, literally its whiteness) and atmospheric CO2 amount.

eg how big is the «expected» impact on the climate / temps etc from that kind of change / feedback in ASI albedo

While the local, seasonal climate forcing by the Milankovitch cycles is large (of the order 30 W / m2), the net forcing provided by Milankovitch is close to zero in the global mean, requiring other radiative terms (like albedo or greenhouse gas anomalies) to force global - mean temperature change.

The change in ice volume and climate changes the planets albedo (how much sunlight is reflected) and affect carbon storage.

Perhaps you might want to read that paper as well as «Climate Change and Trace Gases», available in many places, which argues for an albedo flip mechanism and (relatively) short timescales for icesheet response to forcing, based on paleo data.

As surfaces absorb roughly 100 times more solar energy than the CO2 in the atmosphere, future anthropogenic changes in both land and water albedo may figure significantly in climate policy outcomes.

From the point of view of climate modelling the all - gone moment isn't as important as the magnitude of the change in albedo — particularly in the spring, summer and autumn.

This was a relatively stable climate (for several thousand years, 20,000 years ago), and a period where we have reasonable estimates of the radiative forcing (albedo changes from ice sheets and vegetation changes, greenhouse gas concentrations (derived from ice cores) and an increase in the atmospheric dust load) and temperature changes.

As for irreversible, if an ice sheet starts flowing, or if an albedo change from sea ice gets locked in, I could imagine a climate change being essentially irreversible even if CO2 was brought back down, but it's just speculation, nothing more.

«Soot snow / ice albedo climate forcing is not included in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change evaluclimate forcing is not included in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change evaluClimate Change evaluations.

In LGM simulations land albedo changes are prescribed (at least in regards to ice sheets and altered topography due to sea level; there are feedback land albedo changes) so are a forcing, whereas sea ice is determined interactively by the model climate, so is a feedback in this framework.

Since it reflects the capacity of the climate system to absorb heat, it may be influenced by the planetary albedo (sea - ice and snow) and ice - caps, which respond to temperature changes.

(In the full 4 - dimensional climate, responses can also tend spread horizontally by convection (advection) and temporally by heat capacity, though «fingerprints» of horizontal and temporal variations in RF (externally imposed and feedback — snow and ice albedo, for example) can remain — this spreading is somewhat different as it relies in part on the circulation already present as well as circulation changes)

Myhre, G. and A. Myhre, Uncertainties in radiative forcing due to surface albedo changes caused by land use changes, J. Climate, 16, 1511 - 1524, 2003.

The rise of CO2 from 270ppm to now over 400ppm, the extent of equatorial and sub tropical deforestation, the soot deposits on the polar ice caps, the increase in atmospheric water vapour due to a corresponding increase in ocean temps and changes in ocean currents, the extreme ice albedo currently happening in the arctic etc, etc are all conspiring in tandem to alter the climate as we know it.

Improvements in the capacity to monitor direct and indirect changes on weather, climate, or larger Earth systems and to detect unilateral or uncoordinated deployment could help further understanding of albedo modification and climate science generally.

It is not that the polar regions are amplifying the warming «going on» at lower latitudes, it is that any warming going on AT THE POLES is amplified through inherent positive feedback processes AT THE POLES, and specifically this is primarily the ice - albedo positive feedback process whereby more open water leads to more warming leads to more open water, etc. *** «Climate model simulations have shown that ice albedo feedbacks associated with variations in snow and sea - ice coverage are a key factor in positive feedback mechanisms which amplify climate change at high northern latitudes...Climate model simulations have shown that ice albedo feedbacks associated with variations in snow and sea - ice coverage are a key factor in positive feedback mechanisms which amplify climate change at high northern latitudes...climate change at high northern latitudes...»

It's looking more and more like most climate change can be pegged to changes in solar output, either directly through additional warming or indirectly as decreases in solar output allow more cosmic rays to reach the atmosphere, causing increased cloud nucleation and therefore increasing the earth's albedo and reflecting more solar radiation.

Increasing CO2 does increase the greenhouse effect, but there are other factors which determine climate, including solar irradiance, volcanism, albedo, orbital variations, continental drift, mountain building, variations in sea currents, changes in greenhouse gases, even cometary impacts.

The report clearly states that the first - best option for preventing climate change is stopping GHG emissions, and that neither the development of CDR approaches nor the development of Albedo Modification approaches will change this finding.

When reconstructing Earth's climate history, it can't be explained without including all the various influences, including solar irradiance, volcanism, albedo, orbital variations, continental drift, mountain building, variations in sea currents, changes in greenhouse gases, even cometary impacts.

«Climate model simulations have shown that ice albedo feedbacks associated with variations in snow and sea - ice coverage are a key factor in positive feedback mechanisms which amplify climate change at high northern latitudes...Climate model simulations have shown that ice albedo feedbacks associated with variations in snow and sea - ice coverage are a key factor in positive feedback mechanisms which amplify climate change at high northern latitudes...climate change at high northern latitudes...»

But the climate is changing so rapidly that we already face volatile scenarios like the possibility of escalating international conflicts over potentially dangerous albedo hacking experiments.

Only a change in the surface area of lakes frozen or a change in timing (which would both affect earth albedo) would have any climate significance.

However if the Albedo is changed by climate change this in turn changes the energy balance and adds other climate change.

Forcing from surface albedo changes due to land use change is expected to be negative globally (Sections 2.5.3, 7.3.3 and 9.3.3.3) although tropical deforestation could increase evaporation and warm the climate (Section 2.5.5), counteracting cooling from albedo change.

However, even a smaller figure (I had calculated about 0.17 W / m ^ 2 based on your inflated figure for total planetary albedo, but you can check it out) is still significant when compared with the total flux imbalance, which I think is a more informative comparison than an arbitrarily selected change in cloud cover, because it compares the sea ice reduction with the effects of all climate variations that have been operating in recent years..

It is the orbital characteristics of Earth that is the long - term driver of climate, with NH land masses sensitive to TSI at around 65 deg N. Leading to build - up / melt of snowfield and consequent albedo change, leading to temp change.

Based on evidence from Earth's history, we suggest here that the relevant form of climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene (e.g. from which to base future greenhouse gas (GHG) stabilization targets) is the Earth system sensitivity including fast feedbacks from changes in water vapour, natural aerosols, clouds and sea ice, slower surface albedo feedbacks from changes in continental ice sheets and vegetation, and climate — GHG feedbacks from changes in natural (land and ocean) carbon sinks.

Isostatic rebound in response to glacier retreat (unloading), increase in local salinity (i.e., δ18Osw), have been attributed to increased volcanic activity at the onset of Bølling — Allerød, are associated with the interval of intense volcanic activity, hinting at a interaction between climate and volcanism - enhanced short - term melting of glaciers, possibly via albedo changes from particle fallout on glacier surfaces.

Albedo changes outweigh paleo changes in CO2 by a large margin — the underlying reality of climate — as I have said a few times to Jimmy D before and here.

E.g., human - caused albedo variations from desertification, and to some extent tropical deforestation, were connected with past global climate changes by Sagan et al. (1979); a pioneering model confirming «the long - held idea that the surface vegetation... is an important factor in the Earth's climate» was Shukla and Mintz (1982); Amazon Basin: Salati and Vose (1984); more recently, see Kutzbach et al. (1996).

That allows latitudinal sliding of the jets and climate zones below the tropopause leading to changes in global cloudiness and albedo with alters the amount of energy getting into the oceans.»

When many causes all interact — and abrupt climate change candidates include the thermohaline circulation, the atmospheric circulation associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, changes in tropical evaporation, and changes in albedo — the human mind needs some help.

Appreciable changes in climate are the result of changes in the energy balance of the Earth, which requires «external» forcings, such as changes in solar output, albedo, and atmospheric greenhouse gases.

The identified atmospheric feedbacks including changes in planetary albedo, in water vapour distribution and in meridional latent heat transport are all poorly represented in zonal energy balance model as the one used in [7] whereas they appear to be of primary importance when focusing on ancient greenhouse climates.

The Arctic provides an early indicator of global climate change through feedback systems associated with factors such as the high albedo of snow and ice [Holland and Bitz, 2003].

The cryosphere derives its importance to the climate system from a variety of effects, including its high reflectivity (albedo) for solar radiation, its low thermal conductivity, its large thermal inertia, its potential for affecting ocean circulation (through exchange of freshwater and heat) and atmospheric circulation (through topographic changes), its large potential for affecting sea level (through growth and melt of land ice), and its potential for affecting greenhouse gases (through changes in permafrost)(Chapter 4).

«Since 1997, when Pinatubo's aerosol settled out, the stratosphere has been exceptionally clear... Half or more of the warming since 1995 may due to the lack of large volcanic eruptions... That's about 0.13 °C... The remaining climate change is presumably caused by other forces, such as solar variability, El Nino, Atlantic AMO warming in 1995, lower Albedo and maybe even a little greenhouse gas.»

AGW climate scientists seem to ignore that while the earth's surface may be warming, our atmosphere above 10,000 ft. above MSL is a refrigerator that can take water vapor scavenged from the vast oceans on earth (which are also a formidable heat sink), lift it to cold zones in the atmosphere by convective physical processes, chill it (removing vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) or freeze it, (removing even more vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) drop it on land and oceans as rain, sleet or snow, moisturizing and cooling the soil, cooling the oceans and building polar ice caps and even more importantly, increasing the albedo of the earth, with a critical negative feedback determining how much of the sun's energy is reflected back into space, changing the moment of inertia of the earth by removing water mass from equatorial latitudes and transporting this water vapor mass to the poles, reducing the earth's spin axis moment of inertia and speeding up its spin rate, etc..

If low clouds have different IR emissivity than the high ones then they may change climate via cosmic ray modulation even if total albedo is the same.

This paper analyzes the 420,00 o year Antarctic Vostok ice core data comparing the CO2, CH4, sea level, and surface albedo changes do derive his empirical 3 °C per 4 W / m2 climate sensitivity from the ice core data.

To date, while various effects and feedbacks constrain the certainty placed on recent and projected climate change (EG, albedo change, the response of water vapour, various future emissions scenarios etc), it is virtually certain that CO2 increases from human industry have reversed and will continue to reverse the downward trend in global temperatures that should be expected in the current phase of the Milankovitch cycle.

Broad - scale changes in vegetation in general, and tree loss in particular, have pronounced effects on climate processes through biogeophysical mechanisms such as albedo, evapotranspiration (ET), and carbon dioxide exchange with the atmosphere [11].